BY FAR, SUN AND MOON WERE FIRST SECOND TO NONE, ASTRAL “THINGS” . ALL TIME IN THE FIRST PLACE ! Folowing history and logics, hunting preceded agriculture by millenia. For the moment, don’t know what represented or what was ment in paleolithic or neolithic.Nor when Orion was associated with “hunter” or hunting in different areas on Earth. Image, from: earthsky.org/tonight/orion-the-hunter-your-ticket-to-the-milky-way.
From Orion Constellation Myths of Sumer, Babylon and Egypt http://www.astronomytrek.com/orion-constellation-myths-of-sumer-babylon-and-egypt/?fbclid=IwAR3jQg0NSuKUt76xkTs6f1iM2A2JZUySmRm7OSzYdYSV6yec7DR8YOJzQAU“Amongst Gilgamesh’s many great deeds was ordering the city walls of Uruk to be built, and wrestling with the wild man, Enkidu, representing the natural world, who was sent by the gods to humble him. Following a fierce battle, they became great friends, and enjoyed many adventures together, including killing Gugalanna, the Bull of Heaven, who had been unleashed by the supreme god Anu to kill Gilgamesh after an appeal by his daughter the goddess Inanna (Akkadian: Ishtar) whose affections Gilgamesh had spurned. The Sumerians subsequently honored the struggle by depicting Gilgamesh in the celestial heavens as the constellation of URU AN-NA (“the light of heaven”) fighting a bull, identified as the modern nearby constellation of Taurus. Amongst the attributes ascribed to the constellation of URU AN-NA was a bow in Gilgamesh’s left hand, an axe in his right, and a sword hanging from his belt.”
From http://indusscriptmore.blogspot.ro/2011/07/last-of-nine-stroke-indus-signs.html In proto-cuneiform also, there is nothing quite like the Indus set of signs with the “table” on top. But there is an element something like the “asterisk” portion, ZAG~b, which eventually means “boundary, cusp; place; shrine; front.” This sign begins with the same “X” with additional strokes. But there is also a horizontal line at the top and another at the bottom, closing in these ends. Rather than resembling an asterisk, then, ZAG looks like an hourglass (or a version of the Indus BOWTIE rotated 90 degrees).
From:Cuina Turcului-a rock shelter in the Iron gates gorges of the Danube
They say that here are depicted the earth and heaven and the fact that some-how are related.
From CALENDAR HOUSE http://ancientlights.org/CalendarHouse/ch7.html “Below, we see how Labrys and the Sacral Knot at times became one sign, which Marinatos (2010: 122) reads as “life” because of its similarity to the Egyptian ankh.
“Labrys in the sky” might not surprise us, but why fused with a Sacral Knot?”
http://www.andrewcollins.com/page/articles/Orion.htm Orion / The First Constellation –http://www.twcenter.net/forums/showthread.php?298090-Science-The-Oldest-Lunar-Calendar-on-Earth “Michael A. Rappenglück in Germany has published exceptional research in which he proposes that astronomer-priests in European Upper Paleolithic cultures could ’see’ constellations in the night sky. They recorded those observations in cave paintings, on calendars and in sculptural art. Furthermore says Dr. Rappenglück, the astronomer-shamans of Magdalenian Culture created a cosmology and the first zodiac known to history.
These ideas were first presented in 1966, then in Dr. Rappenglück’s doctoral thesis in 1968. Dr. Rappenglück was not the first scholar of Upper Paleolithic European cultures to propose that astronomer-priests had found important constellations. Proposals of this sort had been published since the early decades of the 20th century. It is time to honor these researchers who are little known to the general public: Marcel Boudouin (France), Henri Breuil (France, early work at Lascaux), Amandus Weiss (Switzerland), Heino Eelsalu (Estonia), and Marie König (Germany). Orion from Bayer’s “Uranometria” – 1603
Print *- Mouser / United States Naval Observatory / Wikipedia Orion is the oldest and therefore the first constellation discovered by the human mind. The evidence is a carving on mammoth tusk ivory found with Aurignacian culture artifacts in 1979 in a cave in the Ach Valley, Alb-Danube region of Germany. C-14 dating of adjacent ash deposits brackets the age of this small sliver of mammoth tusk to between 38,000 and 32,000 B.C. Upon it was carved a man-like figure with outstretched arms, a pose that is a match to the stars of Orion, The Hunter.
Dr. Rappenglück has also suggested that the notches on the backside of this Orion figure are a primitive pregnancy calendar for predicting when a woman will give birth.
The tablet is 38 x 14 mm and the notches carved into its edges tell us that this is its final size. The tablet is not a fragment broken off from something larger. The Orion figure has arms raised and legs spread apart. Orion appears to have a sword hanging between his legs, and his left leg is shorter than his right leg. The slim waist of this tiny figurine of Orion would correspond to the bright stars of his belt in the constellation. The sword in this ivory figurine is the sword in the constellation of Orion. More telling perhaps is that the left leg in the constellation of Orion The Hunter is shorter than the right leg. ” (My note: there were no swords in paleolithic….)
From the same above site,
Orion in the Neolithic Age
“The Ach Valley plate seems to demonstrate that interest in the Orion constellation began at a very early stage in human development, and thus it probably continued to remain important in the ancient mindset through till Neolithic times. This is when our ancestors gave up being hunters and foragers and settled down to become farmers and pastoralists, sometime around ca. 9000 BC. For instance, in Egypt’s Western Desert, at the site of a dry lake known as Nabta Playa, an 7,000-year-old megalithic structure was built to incorporate very specific astronomical alignments featuring the Orion constellation.
During the epoch of its construction, ca. 4950 BC, an observer standing inside Nabta Playa’s main “calendar” circle of standing stones could have watched Orion’s “belt” stars rise in line with distantly placed stone slabs erected specifically for this purpose. Their presence argues strongly that the Neolithic farmers who built this astronomical observatory, next to what was once a savannah-like oasis, were acutely aware that over time stars change their rising and setting positions due to the effects of precession. This is the slow wobble of the earth’s axis across a cycle of approximately 26,000 years. It is a surmise confirmed in the knowledge that when one outlying stone ceased to line up with the rising of a star, another would take its place, indicating an unfaltering interest in the stars of Orion across a very long period indeed.” ————————————————————-Now, if Orion constellation was the first humans took notice (I am for above reasoning) So my above title of the post is supported/could be sustained. (when I saw first time, and somebody showed me some constellations not seen any bear nor virgo or other things told me; 2 constalations were outstanding and impressed me: Orion and Casiopeia)
Now regarding the Danubian Earth Bird-Mother Goddess, the steps could be as follows: -Prehistoric Danubians thought that at the origin of all forms of life there are eggs. So the human-kind originated from an primordial egg, made by an ancestor-mother bird-like. Image, from http://rolfgross.dreamhosters.com/Modern-Man-2012/ProtoEurope/ProtoEurope.html “Goddess of the
Birds”
-They admired the liberty of flight of the birds.Admiring them did’nt know why they are making V-shape formations and where they go.As they saw birds high-up in the sky, the abode of this creature was also in the sky. – Probably they connected winged shape of Orionconstellation with butterfly in Cyclades and their Bird Earth-Mother Goddess in Danubian area. From https://ro.pinterest.com/ifairywings/minoan/?lp=true https://www.pinterest.com/ifairywings/minoan/ “Minoan Goddess with buterfly wings”
Also they equated female silhuette with this shape also. -No wonder if they sought that the very abode of their Goddess is in Orion. It seems that if or not a matriarhal society, female Goddess (before coming of I.Europeans) was before/prevailed on manly hunter (I.European patriarhal-type society), but we don’t know for sure.
Here is not the place nor wasting your time explaining what is ETEOCRETAN 2. Out of my intention to bother you or get to in a much complex situation. From http://www.carolandray.plus.com/Eteocretan/archaic_alpha.html : The sibilants Greek also did not have the range of sibilant consonants that the Semitic languages had, and the use and naming of these consonants shows confusion on the part of the Greeks. The old Phoenician alphabet has four sibilants:
zai whose sound was /z/. It was used from the start to represent a sound which varied in the Greek dialects thus: [dd] ~ [zd] ~ [zz] (see ‘Phonemic Values of Archaic Letters‘ below).
semk whose sound was /s/. It is found in some of the archaic alphabets as an alternative way of writing . It was later used in eastern Ionian alphabets to denote /ks/, but this usage is not attested in any of the archaic alphabets nor known in the alphabets of the western Greeks. The letter occurs in the Praisos #1 inscription and is discussed in the next two sections below.
Phonemic Values of Archaic Letters zai (zeta): the sound denoted by this symbol seems to have varied in different Greek dialects. Some instances of classical ζ derive from earlier /sd/, e.g. ἵζω (hizo) “I seat” ← *si-sd-ō (cf. Latin: sīdō). The majority of cases, however, derive from a earlier */dj/, */gj/ suggesting that sound denoted by ‘z’ in transcriptions of Mycenaean Linear B was /dj/ or an affricate such as [ʤ] or [ʣ]. It would seem, however, that in the archaic and classical periods, by a process of assimilation or metathesis, the sound varied in the dialects between [dd], [zd] and [zz] with the latter becoming the norm by the Hellenistic period and giving way eventually to the modern Greek [z].
In Cretan Greek [dd] was the norm and the spelling δδ is also found. But there appears to have been a tendency in Crete to devoice this combination as ττ is also found for standard Greek ζ; indeed, we also occassionally find actual /tt/ spelled ζ.
For the above, see: M. Lejeune, Phonétique historique du Mycénien et du Grec ancien, Paris, 1972, pp112 sqq.; W.S. Allen, Vox Graeca, Cambridge UK, 1968, pp. 53 sqq.; C.D. Buck, The Greek Dialects, Chicago, 1955, p. 71 sq., and pp. 313 sqq. However, the letter does not occur in any of the extant Eteocretan texts, so it may not directly concern us here, unless….
semk: is found on Praisos #1. As stated above, we can discount the value /ks/ given to this symbol by the Ionians. It would be a gross anachronism to find it used this way in a late 7th century or early 6th century inscription from Crete. There are only two credible possibilities:
As in some other local scripts, it is merely used as a variant of and, therefore, presumably denotes either /dd/ or /tt/.
It really is semk and is being used to represent a sibilant not known in contemporary Greek. The clear presence of Ϝσ (ws)on Praisos #3 may indicate that Eteocretan possessed a labialized sibilant [sʷ]]. —————————————————————————————————- That’s why, out of +++++ DDoo signs we could have: [sʷ]… 1. Syrroo>syrrou :” of Syros,Syrian” as Hera Syrou:”Lady of Syros,or Syrian Lady”.Apropos of “Syrian Lady” this could be begining (sory about large time-ecart) one from A-SA-SA-RA to “Syrian woman” from Bible book wich supposed brought Christianism in Europe. 2. even Su(“your”) DDoo>DDou=DZOU. So to have not “kind of tetragrammaton” but TETRAGRAMMATON in 4 letters D D O O. That’s why when get a string through both tablets (superpose holes ) the squared table cover the upper half text (fact noticed by Mr.Marco Merlini).So the sacred name is hidden!
And we could have as entire half of the round tablet:
History of the letter h. The letter H may have started as a picture sign of a fence, as in very early Semitic writing used about 1500 BCE on the Sinai Peninsula (1). About 1000 BCE, in Byblos and other Phoenician and Canaanite centres, the sign was given a linear form (2), the source of all later forms. The sign was called cheth in the Semitic languages, which may have meant “fence.” The sound expressed by the cheth sign stood for a pharyngeal sound which is not found in the English language. The Greeks renamed the sign eta and used it in two functions—first for the consonant h and then for the long vowel e (3). The Romans took over the form H (4), with the sound value of the English h.
HP/HD? (Heta,consonant eta!/Eta)-Rho; DDOO: EDE DiDou! :”GIVE(us) EAT“
HEROS,(Hera?) DiDou! :”LORD(Lady?) GIVE US(..daily bread) (the root
Note:*hed is common for edo,lat.gr.:”I eat” ede!:”eat!” edible etc. and alb.Ed lat.ede:”kid-goat!” hedus, gr. hedus pleasant,sweet) or:
HEROS DDOU/DZOU/ZOU/ZEUS :”LORD GOD-ZEUS“
……………….and now you see,understand why I took your time.Also hope understand my obstination to use “our (Balkan)signs” not “their (sumerian) signs”
Also you have kind of gift, as to see,
derive from a earlier */dj/, */gj/ suggesting that sound denoted by ‘z’ in transcriptions of Mycenaean Linear B was /dj/ or an affricate such as [ʤ]
I know of no attempt at determining an A significant number of stamps with an eta–rhointernal chronology for this prolific fabricant, ligature have been published. … of similar—but circular—stamps as Samian, 1990:42, S96, 99–101). and maintained that the monogram stood for Hera or her sanctuary.
… heta-rhoas B P, or Ionic eta–rho as HP. The distinction between long epsilon and eta is not to be taken as a chronological indicator but as a geographical one. The combined letters must then represent a word or name, irjp ,25 because there is no suitable ordinal or word denoting position. Heraor heroare possibilities, .
Note Till nowdays the Di particle in the name of God scarcely remained as “DD” : In sicilian, From: Complete List of Keywords www.dieli.net › Proverbs › ProvKeyWds Ddiu n.m. God. Also: Diu. Ddò n.m. title, honorific
From https://books.google.ro › books
Pasquale Scialò, Francesca Seller, Anthony R. DelDonna · 2015 · Music
Furthermore, the word “dio” is pronounced [ ddìo]; “dio” also doubles in Neapolitan. ... indicate something significant while avoiding mention of the name of God), “Ddio” (God …
This is the result of my some 12 years of work. You must understand that I was many times in situations like to see in the depths of oceans the remains of the supposed Atlantida, also in half-awaken times forgotten signs,sounds and words come to connect by itselfs. In one of the latest days the sky become cristal-clear, as one could see the tinest blinking stars, an I had a perspective, kind of overall wiew or landscape on entire matter. Hope not kind of illusion/fata Morgana! ——————————————————————————————————————– Read more: http://www.city-data.com/forum/history/2004509-first-civilisation-world-originated-balkans.html#ixzz5EFpnyKyJ “The Danubian Neolithical cultures that makes the so-called Dabunian Civilisation (Vinca-Turdaș, Criș, Hamangia, Cucuteni, Gumelnița, Boian etc) were in fact the offsprings of migrations from Anatolia and Fertile Crescent toward Europe of early agricultors and the Vinca-Turdaș script, while the oldest system of writing in the world, didn’t developed in a large scale practice, there are no more than some hundreds discoveries of pottery shards and other pieces bearing (usually only one) such signs and the society wasn’t yet highly structured and hierarchized like the Sumerian one. And perhaps more important, the Vinca-Turdaș script was an isolated phenomenon, it disappeared with the end of this material culture (with some echos perhaps in the later Cucuteni culture).”
From https://aleximreh.wordpress.com/2011/01/01/the-new-york-times-a-lost-european-culture-vlassa-tartaria-striga-istoria-sub-noi-oameni-buni/#comment-6635 : Sa nu ma atacati inainte de a trece o noapte. Nu stiu exact cum s-a intamplat, insa doar oasele au fost datate cu C14.Rezultatul este ca 99% din cercetatorii din lume stiu ca tablitele au fost datate.In consecinta,toti acestia iau de buna varsta de 5200 BC.Mai rau este ca toti incep sa-si modifice teoriile legate de neoliticul European si despre istoria Scrisului. Varsta aceasta poate sau nu fi adevarata. Insa toti ar trebui sa stie ca nu tablitele au fost datate ci numai oasele! In (forensic science) criminalistica vasta unui obiect nu se translateaza ca fiind aceeasi cu varsta unui alt obiect,chiar aflat in imediata vecinatate! Dupa cate am inteles in arheologie cand se poatecand nu, de cele mai multe ori da.Nu uitati ca in situl arheologic a fost haloimesul de pe lume.Nu s-a lucrat cf. tehnicilor actuale.asa daca ne gandim puteau pica din zeci de cm de mai sus.(Unii zic ca se lucra “la norma” si posibil Vlassa a luat tablitele din miile de obecte de-a lui Szofia Torma)Nimeni in lume si nicaieri nu a luat cineva vre-un pix in mana (cuneus) inainte de 3200-3500 BC.Nici macar ca sa faca tablite pictografice, darmite cu semne! Cu respect, ing. Eugen Rau Timisoara
I not agree the folowing!:The Hittites Quote:
Originally Posted by CARPATHIAN
The European population of Turdaș-Vinča culture discovered the writing and the metallurgy for the first time in human history and brought these discoveries to Mesopotamia where the Vinča Script was developed into the Cuneiform Script and the Sumerian culture has reached higher levels of development because of the hierarchization of society that brought the possibility of erecting imposing temples and cities. ———————————————————————————————————– regarding tablet’s age: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk%3AT%C4%83rt%C4%83ria_tablets So many questions
Radiocarbon dating – is it applicable to clay? Where are the tablets now? —Ghirla-трёп- 04:13, 20 July 2008 (UTC)
No, it isn’t. Radiocarbon dating may only be applied to organic artifacts. The original Tartaria tablets were of dried, unbaked clay. The Romanian scientists baked them in an oven, to avoid their decay, but any subsequent dating by thermoluminescence (which is the usual method for the age determnation of ceramic artifacts) became impossible.–Mazarin07(talk) 23:38, 26 July 2008 (UTC)
The radio-carbon dating was performed not on the tablets themselves but on the bones with which they were found and with which they are presumed to have been buried. The article’s (currently) second external link is to a report dated 2004 of an investigation of the bones, tablets etc that dates the bones to a calibrated r-c span of 5370-5140BC. Incidentally, that report also corrects several of the original excavator’s incorrect assumptions which the article currently still contains. For example, the bones were not burnt, and are of an elderly female, not a male. I leave it to someone with more wiki-fu to study the report and update the article. 87.81.230.195 (talk) 13:37, 4 November 2008 (UTC)
– Now I am taking all the risks on me, for the folowingresults of my assertion, and I am taking all my responsability as to say:
Even the tablets could be easily interpreted using quite large proto-sumerian sign library, wich permit to interpret and read the tablets in sumerian way, my conclusion wich push me or on top of the wave or get me completely drawned,
the tablets are not written in proper-sumerian even they could be related to.
they pertain to Anatolian->Aegean aerea
are not so old as supposed
some-how present knoledge of deep-in-time meaning of ancient basic issues by meaning of related icons (as mother earth=labryus=orion constellation) signs
have roots in ancient Aegean area;we have supposed refference points in ideas as Hera, Heros, Osiris, Sun and aster/star-related gods and deities.
The squared tablet is only reflecting by far those past ancient religious knoledge by meaning of direct-related icons.
there are signs on the tablets that are related and folowing some-how the sounds as inrebus principle.
the tablets were not written in much or not so ancient time as supposed to be (out of any discussion even as a joke 5.200 B.C.)No one had in hand a cuneus/stick before 3.200B.C. even as to get some pictographic tablet.
If true, carbon-dating of the bones 5.200B.C. then the deceased had not much to do or related to tablets. !In forensic no way to atribute the age of an object to another even when found near !
the supposed writer had in-depth knoledge of the meaning of the much, old-before time used icons.
I suppose that the tablets writer had come from Aegean area, more exactly from the center of Cyclades (eg.Syros).Possible as an aftewardThera explosionmigrant, but not 100% sure,cause there is posibility that only a bounch of Cycladic artefacts to be brought,not necessary the presence of a person from Cyclades.
Green colourin the folowing Map fromThe Risch-Chadwick Theory: An Obstacle to Progress by J. Faucounau
Member of the Linguistic Society of Paris, France http://www.anistor.gr/english/enback/v013.htm
the writer really could be kind of priestess and as consequence have knoledge of writing, (and don’t know why wanted to show or to learn som
ebody )the writing or human-kind knoledge evolution.
The squared tablet as,& the underside half of the round tablet it is not necesary and not sure that are containing specyphic direct-readable messages.
As Mr.Marco Merlini was first to notice the upper half of the round tablet was intended to be completely covered by squarred-one, this supposed to contain secret message or knoledge. + I am suposing as a true posibility that could contain the name of God in a form or another and as in Near-East the true name cannot be pronounced was hidden in kind of tetragrammaton!
So out of upper half of the round tablet all the rest of the signs in round and squarred tablet could be supposed from a modern perspective seen close to redundant (not giving clear information!)and are containing general ideas/meanings.Exemple :sign in right-down quadrant,situated on left (red colour):”ALTAR”?.
1 – Donja Branjevina, after S. Karmanski 2005, Plates XI, XXXIX, XLIII, XLIV, XLIX, LIV;
“IF” the tablets (only as a hypothetical situation !) pertain to Minoan/Early Aegean area and coresponding period of time, situation will become increasily hard as to the point that one cannot understand the written messageeven if one could read it, because the language is almost completely unknown yet.
in a such a situation we remain stacked in a point one cannot decipher kind of hilly-billy /banana language ;named banana by linguists cause as in african or sumerian languages we have repeated word parts as na-na in word ba-na-na or as –sa particle in a-sa-sa-ra-me/goddess or I-na-na /sumerian goddess.
the good part in one reading attempt of those tablets is the fact that out of knowing in wich speciphic language were written,one could understand something because there are icons wich had tremendous important meanings and we know allready those meanings.
I advance the hypothesis that the language is early or even proper INDO-EUROPEAN, no matter one not be 100% sure what exactly is written or ment.
those ancient-ones were sufficient wise,had in-depth knoledge as to express as much as possible with the minimal number of signs/characters! Before they wrote something, it seems they had in mind a throughly planning in advance! (this e.g.could be seen/true on Ezerovo ring where out of one uniterrupted row of letters, one could extract many meanings/variants, so even we have greek letters ,so now-time there is no one good scientific large-agree-attested reading!)
There is a paper of a bulgarian scientist RUMEN KOLEV :ПЛОЧКИТЕ ОТ ТАРТАРИЯ И ЧАШАТА ОТ СУВОРОВО – ДВА „НАДПИСА” НА РАННАТА ДУНАВСКА КУЛТУРА И РАЗШИФРОВАНЕТО ИМРумен Колев http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Magazin%201%20conf/Pages%20from%2046%20to%2053.pdf wich go close to my conclusions of my sumerian aproach, but he choosed not to precise identify each sumerian sign and show sumerian appearance and name. But luckily enough he succeded to corect identify many of them (bull/cattle, god, temple, branch/corn, altar, idea of offering, >>=sign “RU”,etc.). Where he has the sun sign, I have the (sun)GOD sign wich is close. All this green underlined are common with mines ! Either don’t know why he not took the tablets separately and choosed to get meanings reading them only as beeing superposed.
This tablet muddled/confused/puzzled me.And not only me.Because contrary of the first impression, as to contain/have many archaic greek letters, the matter is not so simple.
Yes, out of hieroglyphic/icon-like religion-related signs on right-downward quadrant and above the sign +++++ wich could mean 50 (supposed age of the woman writer) , many signs in the rest are found in archaic greek alphabet variants (epichoric greek variants).But even so,”Bow+Arrow” and “>>” signs on downward-left corner cannot be found in archaic greek.(But the last-ones are present in carian writing)
Ancient Languages of the East Mediterranean. https://tied.verbix.com/archive/article9.html It is known from Greek sources that the Mediterranean shores of Asia Minor were inhabited by different peoples, whose origin was unknown by Greeks. Some think Pelasgians, pre-Hellenic population of Greece, came from Asia Minor, whether they were Indo-Europeans or not. The word Assuwa mentioned in Hittite sources, is the same as Greek Asia, that’s how Asia got its name. Another name for the people of Asia Minor is Ahhijawa which is for sure Achaeans, Greeks who are believed to settle on Asian coasts already since the 15th century BC. Later, when Hittites began migrating westwards, Lycia, Lydia and Caria were invaded by Anatolian-speaking peoples, Achaeans were made to go back to Aegean Islands and to Balkans.
I cannot found all the signs only in twoo writing systems: sumerian proto-cuneiform sign library and incarian alphabets. Sorry enough the difference between those above writings is depassing 2.000 years (3.200 <visa>1.200). Even if the tablet could be read in sumerian, some-how I am not sure if at a so long distance the writing could be transmited. Also I am sorry for Romanian archeologists if the tablet is written in an Anatolian writing, because the age would be not so great as they supposed to be (any case 5.200 B.C. is completely out of range) but not even touch the 3.000 B.C. age limit.Because of only twoo speciphic signs, bow-arrow and >>, wich I cannot find in any Aegean area, I must be constrained to left/get up the testing of the tablet in an Aegean writing system (Cretan hieroglyphic+Linear A/B).So at the same level with sumerian but in my mind with more chances there is the Anatolian writing, don’t know exactly wich but carian seem to gain more + -ses. What are the plus and minuses if carian writing occure on our tablet : +much related by historical/archeological points of wiew of Anatolia to Vinca-Turdas culture –carian has many different alphabets (ones used in Egypt and others in Anatolia) in Anatolia were used more than 25 Anatolian alphabets. –carian language is one of the less known and understood I.European languages –signs and language combined are the mixed effect of having one great mess one expect if attempt decyphering/reading. In fact, – Caria was closest (as Lycia was ) to Cycladic/Aegean and Egypt. – carians were navigators wich reached Egypt and paid as soldiers in some faraoh’s army.Map from https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_cario
Carian alphabets – Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carian_alphabets The Carian alphabets are a number of regional scripts used to write the Carian language of western Anatolia. They consisted of some 30 alphabetic letters, with several geographic variants in Caria and a homogeneous variant attested from the Nile delta,where Carian mercenaries fought for the Egyptian pharaohs.
The Carian Language (Handbook of Oriental Studies/Handbuch Der … cnqzu.com/library/To%20Organize/Books/Brill%20Ebooks/…/9004152814.pdf which many inscriptions were written. Moreover, both the hypotheses on the origin of Carian letters envisaged here (p. 231) and the strongly differentiated local alphabetic variantspoint clearly to a much wider and prolonged use of Carian script. Hrozný and Hittite: Abstracts https://www.ff.cuni.cz/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Hrozny2015-Abstracts-Web.pdf – Ignasi-Xavier ADIEGO. (University of Barcelona). One of the typically chaotic situations produced in Carian both by the singularity of the alphabet and by the scarcity of the documentation available is the so-called ”defective notation of vowels”: the fact that Carian writing tends to omit the notation of vocalic.
My first and main interpretation of those twoo complex-signs is that there arereligious rituals related icons. Left sign, in red:
Out of supposed “altar with flames“icon, “if” we one suppose ligatured letters (or one upon another), could have:
Up: E/U/Y/W ? Down: Delta,K,G,Ra
Eg,Ek,Ug, (Sumerian E-Ga:”it is”;Anatolian/I.E. Eg,Ek; Carian Uk:”I,me“) ED,EDe(“eat”)or ERa (“earth“) Note.Found in opposite 180Deg. corner also Eta-Rho “ERA?” Right icon/sign (black): “astral deity“,”sun-abode” icon At the very top: Sidetian “N” Middle: B/L/G? Down: A/L/D? So: BAL/GAD? ( & combinations)
2-nd QUARTER
The great difficulty is not arising from the sign +++++, but from the “D”-shaped signs! D-shape signs appeared first in archaic greek alphabets (epichoric) and were used in different places for D in one place and as for R in another! ———————————————————————- Sign +++++ : Carian:”SE” ; Para-carian “N” ; carian “Y”
D D o o : carian S S o o or carian S b o o NyS ; NySSoo ? Nys=”Son” (as in DioNYSSS “god-birth>born/son”?)
YSSoo > Yssou ? From: issa * iessou – Yogi Ramsurat Kumar http://www.yogiramsuratkumar.info/GauraKrishna/ISSA.pdfISSA – IESSOUprémisses de l’âge nouveau, de prendre conscience que les enseignements des grands instructeurs de l’humanité sont un et que ce sont les hommes qui en ont perverti le message originel, caché et tu la réalité et, par tels ou tels conciles, passé au tamis l’essence de l’enseignement de JESUSet érigé de …
thread and in latin Sermo, speech ; masc. Singular, Plural. N, ser’-mo ser-mo’-nes, G. ser-mo -nis, ser-mo’-num, D. ser-mo -ni, ser-mon’-l-buSy Ac. ser-mo’-nem, ser-mo^-nes, V. ser’-mo, ser-mo’-nes, Ab. ser-roo’-ne. ser-roon’-i-bus.
3-rd QUARTER
Left sign: para-carian “E Right sign:carian “R”/”S”? ES,Esu:”good,noble”? ER:”Earth/moove,get up?” (as in ERa,Hera);
If both :HeRa,Heroa SERmon:”binding saying= spell”?
Fromhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/329769878_Underground_quarries_in_the_area_of_Agiades_Samos_Island_Greece_Notes_on_historical_topography_and_chronology/link/5c19ba64299bf12be38a2627/download In our view, the often combination of the letters HP is rather conspicuous; the monogram could stand for Hera or her sanctuary, as in some stamped Samian amphorae (see Grace, 1971, 93 nr.77).
4-th QUARTER
Twoo upper-row signs: He and Re or I and D Downward sign, “L” ; so could have : HeRe (earth,earthen)(quite the same as upward) or HeRuL? .Out of I-D-L :”I Do Lu/I Da Lu” :”statue,image” Anatolian *meyu- ‘4, four’ and its cognates – Journal of Language …http://www.jolr.ru/files/(18)jlr2009-2(65-78).pdf by A Kassian Hitt. idalu– ‘evil’ ~ Luw. attuwal ‘evil’ (: Grk. ὀδύνη
HERA thread/Sermon,Spell to overcome bad/evil ? Note that the first D=R has o stroke-like inside (i?) SeiRa/Gr.:”cord,thread” as we have threaded amulets,twoo in total with holes.
In fact we don’t know if D-signs are or could interpreted as D’s or R’s, (or the writer had knoledge of different interpretations),so we could have:
LEFT SIDE RIGHT SIDE ————————————————————————————— HeD,HeDu,EDe!,ED DiDoo=DiDou Eat,kid-goad,sweet GIVE(us)! ED/EDe! is meaning in the same time EAT! and KID-GOAT !(vocative) as tablet has the shape of a loaf of bread and depicted an kid-goat on pictographic tablet or —————————————————————————————————————– HERA,HEROa SE RRoo SeRRoo SEIRoo=Seirou HERO Flowed(50years);sermon,binding spell “of SUN” as oldest supposed name for sun was SEIR, and oldest attested association of Eta,Heta-Rho found on pot-sherds in Ras-Shamra,Thera and Sakkara whas thought to be MONOGRAM OF HERA or HEROS
HERAof the SUN HEROOF THE SUN
The oldest pair known was HERA wich name mean EARTH/LADY and consort ZEUS as SUN. In Thracia mounted HEROS was thought as HORUS the child kind of precursors of Christ, saviors (gr.SOTER) —————————————————————————————————————————- Note, SEIR=SUN=SIRIUS,OSIRIS (Egypt USIR).The other aspect of the Sun, under-ground travelling,so associated with the Earth and an Fertility-associated God. HEROS and OSIRIS were long-time vast areas SAVIORS!
So people,have confidence and have own Universal moral and physical orientation reference system
There are many questions wich allmost remained without responce: -It is writing, of wich kind? -It is proto-writing or writing; if writing,wich kind? -What is the period of time in wich were made? -Who was the supposed writer? -To wich culture partained tablets and he or her? -Are tablets real or fakes? -Why no scientist engaged in close research and give strait answers? ………….An other (more than ten) questions.
Read more: http://www.city-data.com/forum/history/2004509-first-civilisation-world-originated-balkans.html#ixzz5EFpnyKyJ The Danubian Neolithical cultures that makes the so-called Dabunian Civilisation (Vinca-Turdaș, Criș, Hamangia, Cucuteni, Gumelnița, Boian etc) were in fact the offsprings of migrations from Anatolia and Fertile Crescent toward Europe of early agricultors and the Vinca-Turdaș script, while the oldest system of writing in the world, didn’t developed in a large scale practice, there are no more than some hundreds discoveries of pottery shards and other pieces bearing (usually only one) such signs and the society wasn’t yet highly structured and hierarchized like the Sumerian one. And perhaps more important, the Vinca-Turdaș script was an isolated phenomenon, it disappeared with the end of this material culture (with some echos perhaps in the later Cucuteni culture).
From https://aleximreh.wordpress.com/2011/01/01/the-new-york-times-a-lost-european-culture-vlassa-tartaria-striga-istoria-sub-noi-oameni-buni/#comment-6635 : Sa nu ma atacati inainte de a trece o noapte. Nu stiu exact cum s-a intamplat, insa doar oasele au fost datate cu C14.Rezultatul este ca 99% din cercetatorii din lume stiu ca tablitele au fost datate.In consecinta,toti acestia iau de buna varsta de 5200 BC.Mai rau este ca toti incep sa-si modifice teoriile legate de neoliticul European si despre istoria Scrisului. Varsta aceasta poate sau nu fi adevarata. Insa toti ar trebui sa stie ca nu tablitele au fost datate ci numai oasele! In (forensic science) criminalistica vasta unui obiect nu se translateaza ca fiind aceeasi cu varsta unui alt obiect,chiar aflat in imediata vecinatate! Dupa cate am inteles in arheologie cand se poate cand nu, de cele mai multe ori da.Nu uitati ca in situl arheologic a fost haloimesul de pe lume.Nu s-a lucrat cf. tehnicilor actuale.asa daca ne gandim puteau pica din zeci de cm de mai sus.(Unii zic ca se lucra “la norma” si posibil Vlassa a luat tablitele din miile de obecte de-a lui Szofia Torma)Nimeni in lume si nicaieri nu a luat cineva vre-un pix in mana (cuneus) inainte de 3200-3500 BC.Nici macar ca sa faca tablite pictografice, darmite cu semne! Cu respect, ing. Eugen Rau Timisoara
I not agree the folowing!:The Hittites Quote:
Originally Posted by CARPATHIAN
The European population of Turdaș-Vinča culture discovered the writing and the metallurgy for the first time in human history and brought these discoveries to Mesopotamia where the Vinča Script was developed into the Cuneiform Script and the Sumerian culture has reached higher levels of development because of the hierarchization of society that brought the possibility of erecting imposing temples and cities. ———————————————————————————————————–
Radiocarbon dating – is it applicable to clay? Where are the tablets now? —Ghirla-трёп- 04:13, 20 July 2008 (UTC)
No, it isn’t. Radiocarbon dating may only be applied to organic artifacts. The original Tartaria tablets were of dried, unbaked clay. The Romanian scientists baked them in an oven, to avoid their decay, but any subsequent dating by thermoluminescence (which is the usual method for the age determnation of ceramic artifacts) became impossible.–Mazarin07(talk) 23:38, 26 July 2008 (UTC)
The radio-carbon dating was performed not on the tablets themselves but on the bones with which they were found and with which they are presumed to have been buried. The article’s (currently) second external link is to a report dated 2004 of an investigation of the bones, tablets etc that dates the bones to a calibrated r-c span of 5370-5140BC. Incidentally, that report also corrects several of the original excavator’s incorrect assumptions which the article currently still contains. For example, the bones were not burnt, and are of an elderly female, not a male. I leave it to someone with more wiki-fu to study the report and update the article. 87.81.230.195 (talk) 13:37, 4 November 2008 (UTC) ——————————————————————————————————————————- To have the quickest possible responce to above questions, and have proper understanding, I will begin with the most important aspect,out of all others: – For a college (or above) level wiewer (no counting here scientists) something is shocking or striking : -There are three tablets wich normally distanced in time one of another 500-1000 years; could be showed and given to average cultural level people as kind of exemples for some of main steps/stages by wich evolved the writing:
(Periods of time are as raw refference) 1-Iconic stage,usually as before 3.500 B.C. 2-Proto-hierogliphic stage as between 3500(east)-2200(west) B.C. –Hierogliphic stage between 3.000(east)-2000(west) B.C. 3 –Syllabary, alphabetic stagebetween 2500(est)-1.500(west) B.C. One writer cannot know well all three systems of writing, but even so, cannot live in all above period/span of time. So there are only three explanations: 1.-the tablets are not related one with another 2.-the tablets are fakes 3–the tablets are made in later times (B.C.),by somebody who knew proper writing and also knew some-how ( kind of cultural transmission) some older signs and icons and some ideas/recollection of theyr meaning. He/her made another twoo as kind of school to stress the ancestor’s esteem and/or show how predecessors wrote. I am inclined to support the last hypothesis. ————————————————————————————- Some twelve years before, I saw for the first time the tablets pictures.After got knoledge of writing landscape and evolving, after 24 hrs. only I remained with the strong impression that on the round tablet we have signs as letters. I recognised many signs wich were used as letters in archaic greek alphabets.Despite this. I cannot identify all signs as letters in 100% proportion in any alphabet.Highest percentage in identifying work had carian folowed by old greek and iberianalphabets. Even for some years i had (and have) a reading upon archaic greek alphabets.Here I had the support of eteocretan alphabet and writing.later, one month before I could find all the signs of both written tablets (out of pictographic) using sumerian signs. Also I could use of cretan hierogliphic,Linear A/B signs for both tablets but encountered some difficulties (2 signs:bow+arrowand >>) at that round-one. I am not counting those hierogliphic-like,complex signs wich can be icons but as well ligatured letters. these very icons had the prime effect that one to keep scientists at distance because are also vave a mysterius appearance. In my understanding, Linear A/B begun in Aegean area and there also finished there.No gain large acceptance and not known or extended in Europe and other areas. After that, begun to be known better in Europe phoinikeia grammata “phoenician letters” with followers old hebrew and greek alphabet. But in the European people’s and cultural turmoil , different peoples addapted and gave their own and quite/slight different use of those signs. ————————————————————————————————- Very interesting, I saw one month before old runic Bulgarian alphabet and realised that I have many of signs there.But not gave proper attention.Taking account that there are some related issues between gothic,nordic and Balcan(Blugarian) areas, I realised that there were contacts between those cultures wich continued till christianism full emerged in Europe. See: From Scandinavia and the Balkans: Cultural Interactions with Byzantium …
https://books.google.ro/books?isbn=1443882283Oksana Minaeva, Lena Holmquist “The solar sign in the inscription also possesses the magical meaning of the character. In greek papyrus texts,it is a planetary symbol and denotes various vocalisations from the greek alphabet:usually H or T. ….In papyrus texts,the moon is also presented
This once again highlights the relationship between the discussed monument and Gothic literary culture discovered in present-day Bulgaria.47 The solar sign in the … 8 of the treasure from Nagyszentmiklós, which is dedicated to the complex nature of the Christian God according to Gnostic Christian views of Middle Eastern …”
ould be kind of contact between Cycladic Keros/Syros population and early “Servos” from near-by Serres.
———————————————————————————————————————————- Even if I would begin such an attempt, another obstacle want to block my optimismus: The artefacts found near-by at the archeological site. Artefacts that wanting to speak that something is related to Aegean and specific to Cyclades area (don’t ask me why but my mind was focussed by the center of Cyclades, Keros-Syros islands): -one Spondyllus-shell bracelet -one figurine/statuettes made in Cyclades style -one alabaster footed-pot also in perfect cycladic style. Not to mention that in Aegean/Greek aereas were found hundred of tablets with proper writing, Linear A/B or archaic greek, in our area (Bulgaria-Serbia-Macedonia) a few written tablets , around or above five (e.g. Ezerovo ring-supposed thracian but no one clear read or deciphered) ———————————————————————————————-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Greek_alphabet
Sign +++++ is +++ ? From http://www.carolandray.plus.com/Eteocretan/archaic_alpha.html Values of the vowels As for long and short vowels, only /e/ could have separate symbols for the two quantities, namely for “long e” and for “short e”. In fact in Greek spelling it was not even as simple as that. Ancient Greek had two “long e” sounds: low-mid [ɛː] and high-mid [eː]. In Greek denoted only the long low-mid sound; had to do duty for both the short sound and the long high-mid sound (until ει (ei) came to be used to denote /eː/ in the 5th century BCE). We see this in the Cretan Greek inscriptions from Dreros. Whether Eteocretan used similar spelling conventions or whether was always short, we have no way of knowing; all we can safely assume is that is always long. Values of consonants The consonants, for the most part, denoted the same phonemes as those denoted in the International Phonetic Alphabet by the Roman transcription shown in the table above; the only two exceptions are: 1.zai (zeta): the sound denoted by this symbol seems to have varied in different Greek dialects. Some instances of classical ζ derive from earlier /sd/, e.g. ἵζω (hizo) “I seat” ← *si-sd-ō (cf. Latin: sīdō). The majority of cases, however, derive from a earlier */dj/, */gj/ suggesting that sound denoted by ‘z’ in transcriptions of Mycenaean Linear B was /dj/ or an affricate such as [ʤ] or [ʣ]. It would seem, however, that in the archaic and classical periods, by a process of assimilation or metathesis, the sound varied in the dialects between [dd], [zd] and [zz] with the latter becoming the norm by the Hellenistic period and giving way eventually to the modern Greek [z]. In Cretan Greek [dd] was the norm and the spelling δδ is also found. 2.semk: is found on Praisos #1. As stated above, we can discount the value /ks/ given to this symbol by the Ionians. It would be a gross anachronism to find it used this way in a late 7th century or early 6th century inscription from Crete. There are only two credible possibilities: – As in some other local scripts, it is merely used as a variant of and, therefore, presumably denotes either /dd/ or /tt/. –It really is semk and is being used to represent a sibilant not known in contemporary Greek. The clear presence of Ϝσ (ws)on Praisos #3 may indicate that Eteocretan possessed a labialized sibilant [sʷ]].
Upper-Right quarter,signs: +++++ (i?)D(i?) D o o Letters: Se?Su? ( i)R(i) Ro o
http://www.constellationsofwords.com/stars/Sirius.html Such stars astronomers call seirious on account of the tremulous motion of their light;…….so that it would seem that the word, in its forms seir, seiros, and seirios, — Suidas used all three for both sun and star, — originally was employed to indicate any bright and sparkling heavenly object, but in the course of time became a proper name for this brightest of all the stars.
sci.tech-archive.net › Archive › sci.lang › 2004-07Cached
13 Jul 2004 – be understood as the sun, shining on the male head or king and the ear of grain … The peculiar name Seyr for Zeus may have a correspondence in the Hittite … well worthy of Zeus, who was the supreme Greek god already in ..
dir.groups.yahoo.com/group/…/message/8177?o=1… – United StatesCached
You +1’d this publicly. Undo
25 Aug 2001 – Please respond to the idea that “Seir = Sun“…. that’s all I really … Sirius was the name of the dog that accompanied the Greek Hero > Orion!
So,possible: Hera Sun(Zeus) Hero Sirius(Osiris) >> pre-Christ.? Hera Syrrou (lady from Syria/Syros?) …..there’are saying in Bible that christianism was brought by a Syrian woman HaR Seirrouchord of Charm (Har<>charis) chord/rope of <=>of Sun/Sirius/Hera
Note: “rr” is for “rho” and “oo” used before-time changed to “ou” and in some cases “omega” ; rroo=rhou(rom.rau=river):”flow,course” from v.”rheo” (could be also Hora rrou=”flow of” time)
This Proto-Indo–European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are … Ancient Greek: ἥλιος (hḗlios). Doric Greek: αέλιος (aélios) … Sanskrit: स्वर् (svàr, “sun,sunlight”), सूर्य (sūrya, “sun; Sun deity”) (< *suh₂l-)
Also OSIRIS:
From http://www.zoniana.gr/name_en.htm ZOULIANA – ZOUTOLAKKO – ZONIANA In this way Zas (Zeus) became both the founder and godfather of the village. When he died, he was buried there and from his tomb, his pit which is a synonym of his grave, the place was named “Zou’s Pit” (“Zeu’s Pit’’), in other words Zou’s (Zeus) grave. For instance a common phrase in Greek used when someone is at death’s door is that ‘He/she has one foot in the grave’ or when someone is already dead that ‘He/she has filled one’s pit’. Soon enough this name prevailed and until the second decade of the 19th century it was named “Zou’s Pit’ (Tou Zou to Lakko) and that is how Zouliana was named and still is the afore-mentioned neighbourhood. In this way it becomes clear that both names ZOULIANA and ZOYTOLAKKO derive from ZA which is one of the numerous names of ZEUS; among other names he was called Zeus, Dias, Zas, Zis, Zan, Dan, Tan, etc. Today the village is named Zoniana which name also derives from Zeus as we will find out. The village’s inhabitants, the so-called Zoulakkianoi or Zoulakkites, when they wanted to say: “Oh my God” (as we say today) or “Listen to me God”, they used to say: “Zone God” (Zone Thee) or “Listen to me Zone God” (Listen to me Zone Thee). Only Zoulakkianoi used this kind of appeal to address God. The inhabitants of Anogeia used to say: “Zane God” (Zane Thee
Arno Poebel, K. C. Hanson ; kug-a „glänzend“, „rein“, „heilig“
For supposed name KOGAION wich seems an distorted new name, could be interpreted shortly
1.KUGA-ION :”Grandfather-Ion”because in Lycian Kugais for grandfather.
You will ask: and what we have in common with Lycians?
*They say that the common origin of Romanians and Latin People it is in Lidia and Lycia.
Romans thought and were learned at school that they came from Lidia and theyr ancestor was Ludus.
Romanian knows that Dacians were related to wolf as theyr stindard/standard was.Lycos in greek is for wolf (thought as having sparkling,shining eyes in the night (gr.Lycos/shine,lat.it.Luce, light,rom.”a luci” to shine).
2.KUGAION, KUGA-AION, “temple,sacred aabode of Ion” because
MUSAION,or HERAION are MUSA+AION,HERA+AION fixed place,temple of MUSA(arts) or HERA.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kogaionon Kogaionon was the holy mountain of the Geto-Dacians, the place where Zalmoxis stayed in an underground cave for three years. After his disappearance into Kogaionon, he was considered dead by the Getae but after three years he resurrected and showed himself to the people, who became convinced by his holy preaching when he emerged from Kogaionon.
Strabo claims that a river with the same name flowed in the vicinity.
One modern translation of Kogaionon is “sacred mountain”, which would be connected to a probable Dacian word kaga meaning “sacred”, attested in two early 2nd century inscriptions from Tomis.
So Kogaionon it has twoo meanings at the same time:
koga-aionon :sacred-eternal and sacred-Ion’s temple or rather of God of infinite time,Aion.
In fact KOGAION it is not distorted because KOGA is a linguistics shift common in I.European languages and not only:
GOGA > KOGA.
Goga has the origin at king GUGU name known as Gyges.
GUG/GOG it is an I.European root wich signify “round,great,swelled,high”
Also has the meaning of ruller (IE root Ag) : DEMAGOGOS:DEMOS-AGOGOS:”ruller of people”.
Relative to Ion,was an ancestor of greek and latin people like Pelegus (“pelasgian”) but much older.
Because Ion is related to Oannes an this to Sky/God “AN” or chtonik En-Ki.
KUGA-ION is like KUGA-AN wich is wrong,not the case because KUGA-AN is sumerian equivalent of God Azag,an underground,death-land god of Death.Instead KUGA-an-na.
only 1 second:———————————————————————————————————
Not only have GODEANU mountain range (GUD-ANU,Gudanna?)
Variations: BULL OF HEAVEN, Gugalana A monstrous bull from ancient Sumer, Gudanna (“an attacker”) was described as being gigantic and having breath so poisonous it could kill two hundred warriors at a time. …….
Khawaja or khwaja (Arabic: خواجة) is an honorific title used across the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia and Central Asia, particularly towards Sufi teachers. The word comes from the Iranian word khwāja (New Persian: خواجه khāje; Dari khājah; Tajik khoja) and translates as “master”, “lord” or in archaic sense “gentleman”. The spellings hodja or hoca (Turkish), খাজা (Khaaja) (Bengali), hodža(Bosnian), hoxha (Albanian), hodža (Serbian), hotzakis (Greek), hogea (Romanian), koja (Javanese)[1] and al-khawaja[2] are also used. The name is also used in Egypt and Sudan to indicate a person with a foreign nationality or foreign heritage. Khawaja is also a surname amongst ethnic Kashmiris.
I want to make things and issues clear,so I don’t know (only have personal soughts and ideas):
1. what kind of people,genetics,from where came OLD EUROPE/Danubian/Vinca-Turdas culture people
2.When, and by wich route/way came “proper Ind-Europeans”
3.if lycians ,lidians were native Anatolians, relatives of Hittites,or distant-relative of Sumerians
4.if they migrated to Europe or there was early Danubian migrations to Anatolia (as Bruges>Phrigians supposed were)
5.How many main waves of supposed agriculturalist people from Sumer or Anatolia were and when
6.if relative small groups of sumerians or Anatolians come in Serbia and Dacia in search for metals; if they used as primary skill metal working not agricultural-one.
7. if Dacians were, and in what degree related to Lycians,Guttians(people from Zagros M.tains wich concured Sumer).
8.what was exactly relation of Danubians with Aegeans. ———————————————————————————————– From https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Alexandru_I._Odobescu_-_Opere_alese._Volumul_2_-_Scrieri_istorice%2C_istorico-literare%2C_filologice%2C_folklorice%2C_arheologice%2C_etc..pdf < Radu cel frumos este, poate, Domnul care lasa inteinsa $i o tipsie de argint (de 29 centimetre in diametru), ce se pastreaza si pana azi, purtand pe cercul buzii, gravatd, Cu litere slavone mari si frumos taiate, urmätoarea in- scriptie :
mldia bjdeia lo Radul Voevoda i gn. vdsei zemli Un- grovlah,iskoi sn blcitvago i hrotliubivago lo Vlada Veli-kagoVoevoda.
Adica :
t Cu mils. lui Dumnezeu, Io Radul Voevod si Domn al toatei Orel
Ungrovlahiei, fiul preacuviosului si de Hristos iubitorului Io Vlad marele Voevod. >
Ofrandă lui Heros. Tiberius Claudius Mucasius şi-a îndeplinit juruinţa, cu dragă inimă şi pe bună dreptate “. Formula de încheiere, abrevierea V•S•L•M bine cunoscută epigrafiştilor, indică limpede o inscripţie votivă6. Iată însă ce spune acelaşi Tiberius Claudius, de data aceasta în greceşte: ” Lui Ērōs KATA. Tiberios Claudios Mukasios a consacrat (după cum) a promis “. Dacă, aşa cum am văzut, varianta latină este limpede, în cea greacă apare în schimb acest KATA, neexplicat satisfăcător de nici unul din editorii inscripţiei. Primul dintre ei, Gr. Tocilescu, încercând, la 1895, să-i dea totuşi un înţeles plauzibil, îl consideră pe KATA un adjectiv al lui Ērōi şi propune – de aceea – interpretarea lui drept o prescurtare a unui κατα(χθόνιος) “subpământean”, un epitet ori o ipostază a zeului. În lipsa unei alte explicaţii mai consistente propunerea a fost acceptată de toţi editorii ulteriori – şi admisă în literatura de specialitate. Ea are însă cel puţin două mari neajunsuri care atrag atenţia: 1. mai întâi ar presupune o diferenţă considerabilă între variantele latină şi greacă ale dedicaţiei, căci kata(chthōnios) “subpământean” lipseşte din textul latin, în timp ce acesta conţine pesacrum “jertfă“, inexistent în versiunea greacă. 2. abrevierea kata pentru katachthōnios ar reprezenta un “dublu unicat”: pe de o parte ar fi singura oară când acest cuvânt s-ar prescurta astfel în inscripţiile greceşti, pe de alta acesta ar fi singurul loc în care zeul epihoric Hērōs ar fi numit “subpământean”. Toate aceste dificultăţi ar fi putut fi evitate dacă atât Tocilescu, cât mai ales editorii de mai târziu, ar fi privit cu mai multă atenţie piatra pe care, aşa cum se poate vedea în fig.1 şi 2, lapicidul a scris nu ΚΑΤΑ , ci ΚΑΓΑ!
Begin. Tab. I. A. Α̈̓ιδιοτης, æternitas, perpetuitas. [A Greek-Latin …
Cata- definition, a prefix meaning “down,” “against,” “back,” occurring originally in … Greek kata-, combining form of katádown, through, against, according to, … this prefix is found in English mostly in words borrowed through Latin after c.1500.
me: Lui Ērōs prin/catre Tiberios Claudios Mukasios cum a promis ” INSCRIPTIA ESTE IN LIMBA GREACA; IN GREACA NU EXISTA KAGA
by WD Whitneye ….. du, 1di, burn. Not in RV. dus, spoil. In V., only caus. and derivatives. duh, milk, derive. 1 dr, pierce, split. drp, rave, talk big. drg, see. Lacks a pres.-system.
From https://www.videomaker.com/article/c13/14089-the-eye-lightAn eye light is a light that creates a small sparkle of light reflected from the eye’s surface, giving sparkle to the subject’s eyes. Without the eye light, the eyes would seem lifeless and unemotional.
Mark Futato, George M. Schwab, Philip W. Comfort -15:30 A cheerful look. Precisely, “the light of the eyes.” “Light” is equated with lifein 4:18; 6:23; 13:9.
EVIDENCE OF MINOAN ASTRONOMY AND CALENDRICAL PRACTICES Marianna Ridderstad https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0910/0910.4801.pdf Another likely celestial symbol is the ‘eye’ with very prominent ‘eye-lashes’ (CHIC:387). The ‘eye’ is sometimes depicted as ‘rising’ over a (horizon?) line, which casts the doubt that it, too, is a solar symbol (CHIC #314). This may be related to the later belief of the sun as the eye of Zeus (Olcott 1914:288).
ANTONN BARTONEK T H E PHONIC EVALUATIO N OF THE S- AND Z- SIGNS IN MYCENAEA N https://digilib.phil.muni.cz/bitstream/handle/11222.digilib/110060/E_ArchaeologicaClassica_09-1964-1_8.pdf?sequence=1 Lurja, while treating this question, starts with refusing—first in his article Opyt ctenija pilosskikh nadpisej, Vest, drevnej istorii 1955, vol. 3, pp. 8-36, but mainly in his work Jazyk i kultura 50 sqq.—to ascribe the D- series of Mycenaean signs the explosive character. He believes that due to a pre-Greek substratum there had occurred in Mycenaean several phonic changes which most Greek dialects did never fully accomplish and of which only a very few odd traces were left in the Classical Era; thus assuming the shift of the proto-Greek d into some kind of (d)z he transcribes all Ventris’s D- signs as Z-signs, and goes on designating in this connection Ventris’s Z- series—not quite convincingly—as “C- series”, ascribing it with an all-round validity the phonetic value of a “soft (palatalized) variant” of the phone k.2…………………………………………1. It is probable that the very adoption of the Linear Script for rendering Greek witnessed already the tendency of reproducing with the Z- spelling all phonic formations governed by the so-called second assibilation, i. e. the voiced substitute for the original j-, -dj-, -gj-, on the one hand [this substitute being very likely at that time not far from the affricate dz going back to d’d’], and the voiceless substitute for the inter-morphemic -t(h)j- or for any -k(h)j- and -tw-, on the other hand [the latter substitute being again probably not far from the affricate tj going back to t’t’]; in either of these cases the Z- series of signs was employed just to express rather the purely palatal, i . e. the still non-affricate, shade of the two substitutes, a shade that was just in all probability disappearing…………………..The couple of affricate phonemes ts, dz, which formed counterparts as to voice. Their phonetic character underwent the following pre-Mycenaean and Mycenaean process of evolution: from various original formationsthrough t’t’ [which absorbed also k’k’] and through d’d’ [absorbing also g’g’ and evidently even a part of the initial proto-Greek j’-], 5 4 then through tj [which had very likely directly absorbed the original tiv] and through dz, assuming finally the forms ts, dz………………………16.The most important exceptions: Central Cretan, Boeotian, Laconian, Elean and the Thessaliotic subdialect of Thessalian with their DD(!deltadelta), or later TT—all this being, of course, only a special continuation of the affricate dz.
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1467-968X.00100/pdf Mycenaean Greek is given and a classification attempted. Thereafter, issues in their phonology …. compound must not be considered `rien autre qu’une varieÂte de la formation des noms, au meÃme titre que la ….. pu2-ru might be interpreted as `having white eye-brows’ (leyko3w and o1ýry9w), but the presence of ro still …
From http://minoablog.blogspot.ro/2009/09/ This exclusion rule can be applied to the Linear A sign *79 (‘eye’) to show why it cannot represent the value ‘ZU’ (that was assigned to it by John Younger et al.). The case-ruling example we find on the tablet ZA4,row a.5 where the term QE-SI-*79-E can be read. The same name recurs on tablet ZA15. Now, if the reading of *79 were ‘ZU’, we would rather expect an ending ZU-WE (with a not well characterised linear A WE sign) and NOT ZU-E. On the other hand, the value suggested and used by many (e.g Glen Gordon) for this linear A sign: ‘DO’, fits perfectly, as DO-E is absolutely possible. But the case of LinA *79 has to approached with care. Apparently, there are two distinct LinearB signs (*79 and *14) corresponding to single cluster (*79) Linear A. I label it as a cluster, as it contains signs of very variable design: it is easily possible that there are two signs lumped into a single cluster: at least one of these is (with resonably high probability) is the Linear A counterpart of Linear B ‘DO’ sign (LinB *14).
I must admit, if my derivation of the Lin A *79 is peculiar, then the theory on the ‘TO’ sign must sound straightforwardly strange. It is an ‘I don’t have any better idea’ type of theory. Because Hieroglyphics features a sign: ‘bovine head in front’, that is not even uncommon, it must have a Linear A descendant. But if one checks it – based on shape, frequency and distribution – there are only two viable candidates: TO or DI. While I could not remove sign DI from the list of possible readings, it is only the TO sign that admits a good etymology. If we go with the reading DO (from *tau) for the ‘eye’, then a clearly parallel derivation would be the value TO for the ‘bull’ sign (from *thaura). I only thought of this second one, because it could prove a regular development of *aw diphtongs in Minoan into *o. Unfortunately, I could not meaningfully analyse the PO sign (as I don’t know what it depicts), or the RO sign. On the other hand, the KO sign might depict a coriander seed, but we cannot approach it from an etymological direction (as the origins of the word coriander [Lin B KO-RI-JA-DA-NA] are obscure). Otherwise, if we don’t accept the reading DO for Lin A*79, we could still try a similar value like DWA. That would not invalidate the etymology, and could give a solution for the pressing problem of having two Linear B signs when Lin A had just one.
This is interesting . We already had the related discussion . In Sumerian there is UTU , in epsd it is given as utu-e3 “sunrise” , utu-šu2-uš; utu-šuš2 “sunset; the West”. There is also a ki’utu [LOCUS] ki-dutu “a cultic location; a ritual”. Not sure about the ritual . but if we read Bomhard there he gives this :
233. Proto-Nostratic root *t’ay– (~ *t’ǝy-) or *t’iy– (~ *t’ey-):
(vb.) *t’ay- or *t’iy- ‘to shine, to gleam, to be bright, to glitter, to glow; to
burn brightly’;
(n.) *t’ay-a or *t’iy-a ‘light, brightness, heat’
A. Dravidian: Tamil tī, tīy ‘to be burnt, charred, blighted’; Malayalam tī ‘fire’;
Kota ti·y- (ti·c-) ‘to be singed, roasted’; Toda ti·y- (ti·s-) ‘to be singed’, ti·y-
(ti·c-) ‘to singe, to roast’; Kannaḍa tī ‘to burn, to scorch, to singe, to
parch’; Telugu tīṇḍrincu, tī͂ḍirincu ‘to shine’, tīṇḍra ‘light, brightness,
heat’; Brahui tīn ‘scorching, scorching heat’, tīrūnk ‘spark’. Burrow—
Emeneau 1984:285, no. 3266.
B. Proto-Indo-European *t’ey-/*t’oy-/*t’i- ‘to shine, to be bright’: Sanskrit dī́deti ‘to shine, to be bright; to shine forth, to excel, to please, to be
admired’, devá-ḥ ‘(n.) a deity, god; (adj.) heavenly, divine’, dyótate ‘to
shine, to be bright or brilliant’, dyáuḥ ‘heaven, sky, day’, divá-ḥ ‘heaven,
sky, day’, divyá-ḥ ‘divine, heavenly, celestial; supernatural, wonderful,
magical; charming, beautiful, agreeable’, dīpyáte ‘to blaze, to flare, to
shine, to be luminous or illustrious; to glow, to burn’, dīptá-ḥ ‘blazing,
flaming, hot, shining, bright, brilliant, splendid’, dína-ḥ ‘day’; Greek δῖος
‘heavenly; noble, excellent; divine, marvelous’, Ζεύς ‘Zeus, the sky-god’;
Armenian tiw ‘day’; Latin diēs ‘day’, deus ‘god’; Old Irish die ‘day’; Old
Icelandic teitr ‘glad, cheerful, merry’, tívorr (pl. tívar) ‘god’; Old English
Tīw name of a deity identified with Mars; Lithuanian dienà ‘day’, diẽvas
‘god’, dailùs ‘refined, elegant, graceful’; Old Church Slavic dьnь ‘day’;
Hittite (dat.-loc. sg.) šiwatti ‘day’, (gen. sg.) ši-(i-)ú-na-aš ‘god’; Luwian
(acc. pl.) ti-wa-ri-ya ‘sun’, (nom. sg.) Ti-wa-az name of the sun-god (= Sumerian ᵈUTU, Akkadian ŠAMŠU, Hittite Ištanu-); Hieroglyphic Luwian
SOL-wa/i-za-sa (*Tiwats or *Tiwazas) name of the sun-god; Palaic (nom.
sg.) Ti-ya-az(-)…..,,,
C. Etruscan tin ‘day’, tiu, tiv-, tiur ‘moon, month’; Rhaetic tiu-ti ‘to the
moon’.
Sumerian dé ‘to smelt’, dé, dè, dè-dal ‘ashes’, dè, diû ‘glowing embers’, dèdal-
la ‘torch’, diû ‘to flare up, to light up; to be radiant, shining; to sparkle, to shine’.
Buck 1949:1.51 sky, heavens; 1.52 sun; 1.53 moon; 1.84 ashes; 1.85 burn (vb.); 14.41 day; 14.71 month; 15.56 shine; 16.71 good (adj.); 16.81 beautiful (also pretty). Caldwell 1913:620. Bomhard—Kerns 1994:303—304, no. 119.
Different (unlikely) etymology in Dolgopolsky to appear, no. 2241, *tiʔû ‘to
shine, to be bright, to be seen’.
Buck 1949:1.51 sky, heavens; 1.52 sun; 1.53 moon; 1.84 ashes; 1.85 burn
(vb.); 14.41 day; 14.71 month; 15.56 shine; 16.71 good (adj.); 16.81 beautiful
(also pretty). Caldwell 1913:620. Bomhard—Kerns 1994:303—304, no. 119.
Different (unlikely) etymology in Dolgopolsky to appear, no. 2241, *tiʔû ‘to
shine, to be bright, to be seen’.
……………………………………………………………………. Perhaps we have an Indo-European related Sun divinity in Sumerian?. So, my theory(someh-how like the big-bang theory wich by common-sense reasoningadvanced this hipothesys of an original emergency point)’ -so in a simylar way, but with twoo way strong evidences, in the same way I go back trough the time: -pre euphratean stage,UNKNOWN ! Proto-Nostratic root *t’ay- (~ *t’ǝy-) or *t’iy- (~ *t’ey-) Proto-Euphratean (n.) *t’ay-a or *t’iy-a ‘light, brightness, heat’
A. Dravidian: Tamil tī, tīy ‘to be burnt, charred, blighted’; Malayalam tī ‘fire’;
Euphratean Sum.di ‘to shine‘, PIE *diH/daiH/diw- ‘to shine, glitter; day, Sun; god’ -proto Indo-european stage *t’ay- or *t’iy- ‘to shine, to gleam, to be bright, to glitter, to glow; to burn brightly’ Anatolian IAnatolian: *diu- (“daylight god”) -proper IE stage,Sanskrit dī́deti ‘to shine, to be bright; to shine forth, to excel, to please, to be
admired’ Averrage aproximate time-line(by me) Proto-Nostratic-Nostratic15.000-12.000 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nostratic_languagesThe hypothetical ancestral language of the Nostratic family is called Proto-Nostratic.[2] Proto-Nostratic would have been spoken between 15,000 and 12,000 BCE, in the Epipaleolithic period, close to the end of the last glacial period.[3] Proto-euphratean (unknown) :12.000-7000 BC ! OLD EUROPE! Mixed Euphratean-Proto-I.E. -Archaic Sumero-tamil stage:7000-3500 BCOLD EUROPE! Proto-Aegean/EBA Cycladic stage:3500-2500 B.C. Full IE:2500-1500 B.C. (2500 Minoan was not full-IE) Anatolian(Indo-Hittite) 2500-1000 B.C. Minoan/mixed/unknown/Linear A:2500-2000 Eteocretan,Hieroglyphic Cretan Linear B 2.200-1000B.C.(start of greek language) Archaic Greek:1500-500 BC; Homeric: 500BC >1 Koine:1> 500A.D. ******************* Danubian/Old European Gods **************************** Despite the fact that T’ay /t’iy/t’ey/t’ei/T’iy/T’iy-a/Ti, And could have such a “T/Ti” deity,there are many evidences of a linguistic change, Ti > Di so as had egyptians Ti related deities,we could hav an IE “Di” starting deity.In such long-distance ancient times they not have an structured-organised panteon of gods by logical order.They had (many?) deities folowing not a structured order,but folowing exact their stringent practical needs (warm,feeding..) So ,out of other many possible Gods and Goddesses and their denominations,(e.g.Bird-Mother-Goddess)this-one could be one of their gods related to living(easy catch fish feeding): BelBrdo/Serbia=(brdo/twrdo”whirlpool)” 6500BC old dwelling Danube site :http://portalenportalen.blogspot.com/2015/02/vinca-culture.html DAG :”(make a living=fertility)god”?With some-how celestian origin, DAG-AN: (shine-sky):“Sky-God”(old hebrew DAGON)? Sum.dag, dadag ‘(to be) bright; to clean; (ritually) pure This “creature”is the same with : http://www.pagannews.com/cgi-bin/wpgods3.pl?Dagon From Nostratic Etymological Index Cover – bulgari-istoria http://www.bulgari-istoria-2010.com/Rechnici/NostraticEtymologicalIndex.pdf Proto–Nostratic (n.) *da- ‘mother, sister‘; (reduplicated) (n.) *da-da- ‘mother, sister’ (nursery words). 144. Proto–Nostratic root *dab- (~ *dǝb-):. (vb.) *dab- ‘to make fast, to join together, to fit together, to fasten (together)‘;. (n.) *dab-a ‘joining, fitting, fastening’. 145. Proto–Nostratic root *dag– (~ *dǝg-):. (vb.)dag– ‘to put, to place, … From Dagon – Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagon A long-standing association with the word for “fish” dâg, perhaps going back to the Iron Age, has led to an interpretation as a “fish-god”, and the association of “merman” motifs in Assyrian art (such as the “Dagon” relief found by Austen Henry Layard in the 1840s). The god’s name was, however, more likely derived from a … From Diakonoff – External Connections of the Sumerian Language | Plural …https://www.scribd.com/…/Diakonoff-External-Connections-of-the-Sumerian-Langua… … question (probably the Proto–Indo–Europeans); the new tribes ousted the backward ….. 15. dag ‘clean,washed‘, dadag ‘clean’ 16. ene, ane … From Sumerian Lexicon https://azargoshnasp.net/recent_history/pan_turkist…/sumeriandictionaryreliable.pdf by JA Halloran – Sumerian…… dág: brilliant; pure; clean (‘to go out’ + aga(3), ‘diadem, circlet, crown’). dig: v., to … From New Indology: Sumerian and Indo-European: a surprising connection new-indology.blogspot.com/2015/05/sumerian-and-indo-european-surprising.html Sum. dag, dadag ‘(to be) bright; to clean; (ritually) pure‘, PIE *dhagwh- ‘to burn, shine‘, Old Saxon, Middle Dutch, Dutch dag, Gothic dags ‘day’, Tocharian A tsāk- ‘to shine, give light’, AB cok ‘lamp’, Old Irish daig ‘fire’, Old Prussian dagis ‘summer’, Lith. degti ‘to burn’, Skt. dahati ‘to burn’,dagdha ‘burnt’, …
Archeologists (Gh.Lazarovici,Marco Merlini and others) after detailed analysis of on-field conditions and circumstances along with the artefacts found close-by advanced as possible story or scenario that is one of the folowings :
– an death/burial or hero/ancestor worshipping ritual
– an foundation ritual
– an usual/common religious,propitiating ritual for some God(s) performed by the Lady Tartaria=priestess when alive.
See at the finish of my paper excerpts from different related studies.
See the left quarter,
PDF https://azargoshnasp.net › sumd › sumeri…
by JA Halloran
B. Alster, Proverbs of Ancient Sumer: The World’s Earliest Proverb Collections, 2 vols; …… nud, nú: to lie down; to lie together with ( with -da-); to lay down (with -ni-); to sleep; to …
Linear A,”PA2=PAi”?
Folowing sign has the shape of D or P.But that letter “D,De.Di”was not invented yet!
So we take the sign as MOON/MONTH, with the reading MINI,MINU gr.MENE/MENO
So NU-MENO.Here it is appearing the word “NUMENO/NUMENO”
(as to note,scientists as Richard Vallance Janke if it is finding an latin-like word he is rejecting,in favor of another greek-one)
I renounce to take the sign as linear A “NU”.Just in case,as a kind of testing:
So: NU + Moon sign (MENE/MENO?)
What NUMENO stand for? So NU-MENO.This is the little known lat.NUMEN
(as to note,scientists as Richard Vallance Janke if it is finding an latin-like word he is rejecting,in favor ov another greek-one)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numen#Definition_as_a_pre-animistic_phase_of_religion
Numen, pl. numina, is a Latin term for “divinity”, or a “divine presence”, “divine will.” The Latin authors defined it as follows.[1] Cicero writes of a “divine mind” (divina mens), a god “wh
Etymology
Etymologically, the word means “a nod of the head”, here referring to a deity as it were “nodding”, or making its will or its presence known). According to H. J. Rose:
The literal meaning is simply “a nod”, or more accurately, for it is a passive formation, “that which is produced by nodding”, just as flamen is “that which is produced by blowing”, i.e., a gust of wind. It came to mean “the product or expression of power” — not, be it noted, power itself.[8]
Thus, numen (divinity) is not personified (although it can be a personal attribute) and should be distinguished from deus (god).[9]
Definition as a pre-animistic phase of religion
The expression Numen inest appears in Ovid’s Fasti (III, 296) and has been translated as ‘There is a spirit here’.[12] Its interpretation, and in particular the exact sense of numen has been discussed extensively in the literature.[13]
The supposition that a numinous presence in the natural world supposed in the earliest layers of Italic religion, as it were an “animistic” element left over in historical Roman religion and especially in the etymology of Latin theonyms,….
The Empire Strikes Out: Kurd Lasswitz, Hans Dominik, and the … https://books.google.ro/books?isbn=0879722584 William B. Fischer “Nume” may be intended to suggest, in addition, both Latin “numen,” meaning “god” or “divinity,” and Greek “noumenon,” a true ideal or entity perceived by the rational faculty, … Thus, for example, they find it necessary to give the Earthmen terrestrial equivalents of their own time units: “When will [the departure] take place?
But we don’t know for shure if the sign H with 3 bars is from cretan hieroglyphic or Linear A/B.
In linear B it stands for PA3. From https://www.tumblr.com/search/syllabaries
Meaning: to guard, to graze, to feed
Hittite: pahs- (pahhas-) (II) ‘schützen, verwahren’ (Friedrich 153)
Old Indian: pati, ptc. pāta-, pāna-, aor. apāsīt `to watch, keep, preserve’; pā́- (in comp.) m. `keeping, guarding’, pāyú- m. `guard, protector’, pāla- m. `guard, protector, keeper’, pāvan- (in comp.) `protecting’, pātár- n. `defending, defender’; nŕ̥-pīti- f. `protection of men’, nr̥-pa- m. `protector of men, king’
Old Greek: ep. pōü, -eos n. `Schafherde’, poimen, -énos m. `Hirt, Schafhirt’, pói̯mnǟ f. `(Schaf)herde’; pō̂ma n. `Deckel (an Kasten, Krügen, Köchern etc.)’
PA, as single,could mean (PA,proto indoeuropean root for protection):
gods | Minoan Linear A, Linear B, Knossos & Mycenae https://linearbknossosmycenae.com/tag/gods/
Then on the second line he uses the ideogram for “she goat”, again followed by the number 1 and by the syllabogram PA right truncated. If all this seems a mystery to you, it is not to me. The syllabogramPA right truncated on the second line almost certainly means pasi teoi = to all the gods, which in turn implies sapaketeriya …
If so,:PA+ MENO. My first association is gr. POIMEN :”shepperd”
Foreword: The return of ethnographic theory – The University of … https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdfplus/10.14318/hau1.1.001
shepherd of people” (in Greek, poimen laon), the term laos expressing a personal bond between king as guide …. the plurality of life and its beings appears as a singularity and b) a figure of vital externality, through ….. eventfulness embedded within images [1990b]; the partial and non-linear nature of knowledge [1991a]); .
..
But is PAMEN with PA not with O,besides it is appearing I.No problem with I cause PA could be read Pa.Pai etc.
[PDF]F I L I P P O F E R L A U T O http://www.dtesis.univr.it/documenti/OccorrenzaIns/…/matdid501333.pdf
; questi segni avevano valore …. (a, e, i, o, u) per sillabe aperte (consonante + vocale) quali聽pa, pe, pi, po, pu, … indica la quantit, n tanto meno il grado di apertura che la quantit.
I found written form PA-MEN (=Poimen?)=”Shepperd?”
http://www.anistor.gr/english/enback/v053.htm
KN He (06) 03 is a medallion with two faces inscribed and two numbers. One of the faces reads: Pa–me–nipo-lo 100
The foals (polo(i)) for this year (pameni has the dative ending, but cf. Greek pammenos)
Please also note that the pictogram for pa looks like a house (cf. Minoan pa-na-so,
place of the house/temple)
Po-me=poimen po-me-no=poimenos, po-me-ne=poimenei
!! This shepperd is the very silhuette on pictographic tablet found together with the other twoo tablets.(Also there you have the grain sign “TE”,and kind of ibex/wild goat)
“PROTECT, GRAZE, TO FEED, POIMEN/Shepperd” are consistent with the pictographic tablet found near-by (out of total of three),On the tablet there are depiced: an vegetal motif, kind of human silhuette? and a goat.
Definition of “inscription” By convention, an “inscription” is defined as two or more signs in conjunction, a word. A single sign may be an abbreviation of a word (e.g., Linear B o for o-pe-ro, “owed”, “deficit”), or, commonly in Linear A, a transaction sign, like sign *42 A (“to” NAME?) and TE (“from”? NAME).
http://www.anistor.gr/english/enback/v053.htm In the Minoan Linear A inscription, there are many aids to help the modern reader. First of all, there are loan words from different languages. For instance, the abbreviation “te,” commonly used on the tablets, has convincingly been shown by Jan Best and Fred Woudhuizen to be an abbreviation of an expression “telu” which appears to be related to an Assyrian word meaning delivery (Best and Woudhuizen 1988, 24).
First signs,D D don’t know what meaning to atribute them,as long as D-shape sign was not yet invented,
So the single solution is to think as the MOON-sign,wit the reading “MENO”.
But here I think the meaning it is not intended to moon or month but to its basic meaning :”constant,continous”or others direct derived. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89
μένω • (ménō)
1.I stay, wait
1.(in battle) I stand fast
2.I stay where I am
3.I lodge
4.I tarry; I loiter, am idle
5.(of things) I am lasting; I remain, stand
6.(of condition) I remain
7.I abide by
8.(impersonal, with infinitive) it remains quotations ▼
2.(of persons) I await, expect quotations ▼
1.I wait for (accusative) to (infinitive)
Romanian:
A MANa :”to drive”raMAN:”remain”
A MANa :”stay,remain,LODGE”
So:”I(remain,abide)”; MENO,MENO-an,MINOAN”
my rendering “remain,abide
Now,interesting:some 7 years before I noticed that the upper sign gas a line to the second D.
You can see clear on picture.Whoever made the above drawing not made an accurate-one.See again what I am telling about:
At that time, I wondered if (line) intended or not.I told this to Mr.Marco Merlini.Not responded or much interested.
Now see: the upper sign is rendered in Linear A/B as :”TE”.Beeing binded/ligatured wit “D”-moon-shape we have:
TE+MENO,wich is TEMENO gr.TEMENOS:”shrine,temple”
priestess | Minoan Linear A, Linear B, Knossos & Mycenae https://linearbknossosmycenae.com/tag/priestess/
we find that the last supersyllabogram, TE, may readily and realistically rendered as temeno, which in Mycenaean Greek means “a temple”.
<< Sum. temen, Akk. temmenu, temennu ‘foundation (deposit)’, PIE *dhā-man/dha-mn̥- ‘what is placed or set’, Skt. dhāman- ‘dwelling-place, abode; law’, Greek thema‘what is placed or laid down:deposit; position of land; grammatical stem’; themethla, theme(i)lia ‘foundations‘, themelios ‘foundation-stone’. In Greek we have also temenos ‘a piece of land cut off and assigned as an official domain’, especially to kings and to temples of gods. According to the analysis of Dunham (1986), Sum. temen often refers to a marked off area, and also the boundaries and the corners of the area, and Whittaker remarks that temen is the reading of the ‘perimeter sign’, so something very similar to the temenos. Manessy-Guitton already in 1966 proposed that temenos comes from temen, but temenos seems to have a very clear etymology from the Greek tem-no‘to cut‘, which is made stronger by the comparison with Latin templum, originally indicating a delimited space in the sky for auspices, but also a space consecrated to the gods (the temple) and a transverse beam. So, if temen and temenos have a relation, we should admit that temen comes from the same root tem- as temenos and templum. The temen sign is done with two crosses and a rope, like this:
x—x. Rather than a perimeter, it is one side of it, and, as Dunham remarks, it is like a string between two pegs, and he also suggests that temen indicates the foundation peg (or set of pegs). If he is right, the root of temen is more likely ‘to put, place’ (the pegs) than ‘to cut’ (the area of the foundations).>>
Relating to the King MINOS,
MYNOS (MUNOS,MINOS,MENOS), his name is related to: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82
μένος • (ménos) n (genitive μένεος or μένους); third declension
1.mind
2.desire, ardor, wish, purpose
3.anger
4.courage, spirit, vigor
5.power, strength, force
6.violence
As in romanian language we have:
1.MINte/MINte,MENtal (mind/to lie,of the mind)
4.MANdrie
5.6.MANios (gr.MANiakos)
Citadel to City-State: The Transformation of Greece, 1200-700 B.C.E. https://books.google.ro › books
Carol G. Thomas, Craig Conant ·
The term appears in Linear B as te- me-no and refers to lands given to, or owned by, a god, the wanax (as in wa-na-ke-te-ro te-me- no), or the lawagetas (as in ra-wa-ke-si-jo …
The signs: “OO” or “OC”?
Could be numbers:
Thus: o o – | | o would be 312 and o o in Linear B,would be 200.
Table 5 Table of 27 supersyllabograms in Minoan Linear A. KEY to supersyllabograms in Linear A: fi = figs. gr = grains (wheat). ma = man, person. oo = olivesVvocabulary | Minoan Linear A, Linear B, Knossos & Mycenae https://linearbknossosmycenae.com
What with the latest signs OO,OC ?
If OC,first is the linear A “KE”
Second it is in the same linear A,the moon :”MENO”
KE-MENO !?
What does it mean?
id you mean: kemono linguistics
Germanic Dialects: Linguistic and Philological Investigations https://books.google.ro › books
Bela Brogyanyi, Thomas Krömmelbein ·IE *kem—eno— > Gmc. *hem—ina— > Engl. heaven. po3.uni-koeln.de › sites › hvs › pdfs by Y DUHOUX · Cited by 34 · Related articles It does not help that except for Linear B none of the languages written in. Greece in …. which sees in qe-ja-me-no a title / kweyamenos/ ‘révérend, honoré’ (cf. tíw ‘ honour, revere …
KE-ME-NO is the greek KEiMENO?….radher opion is for qe-ja-me-no. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BA%CE%B5%E1%BF%96%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%B9
κεῖμαι • (keîmai)
1.to lie, lie outstretched
1.to lie asleep, repose, lie idle, lie still
2.to lie sick or wounded, lie in misery
3.to lie dead
4.to lie neglected, uncared for, unburied
5.(of wrestlers) to have a fall
2.(of places) to lie, be situated
1.(of things) to lie in a place
3.to be laid up, be in store (of goods, property, etc.)
4.to be set up, proposed
1.(of laws) to be laid down
2.(of arguments) to be laid down
3.(of names) to be given
5.(figuratively)
1.to be in the power of
2.to be in such a manner
3.to be
4.to settle down, deposit a sediment
5.(grammar, of words and phrases) to be found, to occur
On the Weaving of Texts – Glossologics https://alexpolistigers.wordpress.com › …
Nov 26, 2013 · It is κείμενο ( keimeno), from κείμαι (keimai), meaning “lie, be placed”, and is … Similarly logical, leaving the Indo-European family and travelling to .
I think kemeno/keimeno are related to kome and comates,residents of come(village),but here are residents of a much large area Minoan/Mycenaean area.
Corpus of Mycenaean Inscriptions from Knossos: https://books.google.ro/books?isbn=0521320224
John Chadwick, L. Godart, J. T. Killen [ .5 ] ko-me-no vir 1[ ] no-do-ro-we D A [ • • • .2 Traces at left, perhaps ]re ; perhaps …
Germanic Dialects: Linguistic and Philological Investigations https://books.google.ro/books?isbn=9027235260
Bela Brogyanyi, Thomas Krömmelbein – 1986 – Language Arts & Disciplines
1887), and many of the other early constructors of the Indo-European edifice. Historical linguistics has persevered within the petrifying framework of derivational continua: *X > *Y > Z; IE *kem—eno— > Gmc. *hem—ina— > Engl. heaven.
Whole upper half:
+++++ = TE=”From”
THIS (Thing empowered,with) lie,placed (text) YEAR God’s power and Will REMAIN,ABIDE TEMPLE 200?HEAVEN(of) the Sky)?sun&MOON?’
? THIS YEAR REMAIN PLACED TEMPLE ?
From the archeological site items and data some scientists (Gh.Lazarovici,Marco Merlini) got clues that the deceased female was a high-revered in comunity and has a high social position and was a priestess,wich performed religious rituals. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Ionians
The “Proto-Ionians” first appear in the work of Ernst Curtius (1887), who believed that the Attic-Ionic dialect group was due to an “Ionicization” of Attica by immigration from Ionia in historical times. Curtius hypothesized that there had been a “Proto-Ionian” migration from the Balkans to western Anatolia in the same period that brought the Arcadic dialect (the successor of the Mycenean Greek stage yet undiscovered in the time of Curtius) to mainland Greece.[2] Curtius’ hypothesis was endorsed by George Hempl in 1920.[3] Hempl preferred to call these hypothetical, early Anatolian Greeks “Javonians”. Hempl attempted to defend a reading of Hittite cuneiform as Greek, in spite of the establishment of the Hittite language as a separate branch of Indo-European by Hrozný in 1917…………………………..The tripartite theory was revived by amateur linguist Jean Faucounau. In his view, the first Greek settlers in their historical territory were the (Pelasgic) “proto-Ionians”, who were separated around 3000 BC from both the proto-Dorians and the proto-Mycenaeans. Faucounau traces this three-wave model to similar views put forward by Paul Kretschmer in the 1890s and the 1900s (i.e., before the decipherment of Linear B), with a modification: the (proto-Ionic) First wave came by sea, the “Proto-Ionians” settling first in the Cycladic Islands, then in Euboea and Attica. The last two waves are the generally accepted arrival of the Mycenaean Greeks (the linguistic predecessors of the Arcadocypriot speakers) in around 1700 BC and the Dorian invasion around 1100 BC. …………….Faucounau’s addition to this is the argument that Crete is also too far south, that the names of the constellations are (Ionic) Greek, not Minoan, and therefore that the constellation makers must be the proto-Ionians in the Cyclades.[13] The south coast of Crete follows 35°N latitude; Syros, which he identifies as a center of proto-Ionian civilization,[14] is at 37°20′.[15] On this basis, he identifies the proto-Ionians with the archaeological Early Cycladic II culture: after all, they made round “frying pans,” and one of them with an incised spiral, and the Phaistos Disc is round with an incised spiral.[16]
His third argument depends on Herodotus’s somewhat obscure use of the word Pelasgian for various peoples, Greek-speaking and otherwise, around the Aegean basin. Faucounau claims that the word, which he derives idiosyncratically from πελαγος, “sea”,[17] means the descendants of the proto-Ionians. Some of them lost their language because they settled among foreigners; others, such as the Athenians, preserved their language – Attic, apparently, arises from a mixture of proto-Ionian and other dialects. He does not explain why Homer speaks of Dodona, inland in north-western Greece, as Pelasgian (Il, 16,233); nor why no place in historic Ionia is called Pelasgian.
So now let’s draw a circle around Greece, Western Anatolia, Cyprus, Crete and the Aegean islands. We then start to see the linguistic pattern that I’m getting at. An entire language family forgotten in the mists of time and modern-day mystery mongering. What’s somewhat irritating to me and which should be irritating to you, the reader, is how we have an ‘Etruscan mystery’, a ‘Minoan mystery’, an ‘Eteo-Cretan mystery’ and an ‘Eteo-Cypriot mystery’ going on at the same time. If you research any one of these subjects, you’ll get next to nothing on their languages or their translations. It’s all “Who knows?” and “What if?”. Why is this region and this time period such a freakin’ mystery? Is it really because we lack information to piece it all together or is it because our power of concentration lacks get-up-and-go to solve problems without the use of a computer crutch?
Anyways, this is what I mean by “Proto-Aegean”. It sits there before you readers, waiting to be developed further.
Hpa e-ra PY Tn 316; female recipient of offerings, coupled with Zeus: dat. Hêrâi [Docs. 126, 289; Heubeck, IP 66. 223]. Note 1 : e-ra at KN is a place-name. Note 2: This spelling eliminates the proposed etymology from *”Hqfa; see Frisk, GEW. Discussion of the name : Schroder, Gymnasium 63. 67 ; van Windekens, Glotta 36. 309 ff.
The cult of the dead in central Greece during the Mycenaean period
Gallou, Chrysanthi (2003) The cult of the dead in central Greece during the Mycenaean period. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11184/http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11184/1/289316.pdf
The identification of any given symbol or symbolic system should be classified in terms of human action and behaviour at a religious and/or funerary level, with reference to the context of occurrence.Given the problem of divergence in interpretation, a more reliable reading should be dictated by a morphological, syntactic and contextual analysis, and the awareness of the extent to which the interpreter’s preconceptions on the matter are introduced to the examination of past symbolism. Contextual, morphological and syntactic analysis of the symbolic element or system followed by cross-examination, cross-referencing and criticism of the hermeneutic model will underwrite to a significant degree the reliability of the interpretation.
Me: so signs are close-related to one specific concrete situation composed,it is a sum of unique concrete elements
xupoç ku-ro2 KNU0478, PY Ea 814 (dat.); gen. ku-ro2-jo KN B 822; MN: prob. Kurios [Docs. 420].
Some days before I revised/overhauled the “sumerian aproach” of the tablet signs.(To be noticed, before I made three ways/kind of aproaches for every sign in the tablet: 1.as icons & logograms 2. as logograms,and 3.as syllabograms&letters)
My surprise was that all the signs were found in proto-cuneiform sumerian signs list.
From technical point of view, my opinion is that upon the signs seems not to be scrachted or drawn by an native sumerian. One know they used round sticks/styluses, and at least made numbers even in prot-writing phase by imprinting.Only the rest of the signs were made by scratching. Here we have not much the case, all the signs are scratched.
Out of a rude approach, is not my intention to read and interpret exactly the signs and message,cause:
– “If” could be sumerian signs the difficulty is great especially due the fact that we have pre-cuneiform an single sign had multiple meanings.It seems that they extracted the close meaning as resulting from the context. Consequently, the meaning/message in proto-writing=proto-cuneiform stage, could not be exactly determined,
– I have no necessary level of expertise, as Damerow,J.Dahl, R.Englund, A.A.Vaiman and al.
When I get close to those tablets some 10 years before I was strucked by the close ressemblance to letters.
Out of some 2 max.3 signs wich was very difficult to be included, the tablets could be read in every of three writing systems : 1. sumerian 2. Linear A,B 3.archaic greek alphabets
From those 3 signs I give twoo exemple:
– 1.bow-arrow sign and 2. “>>” sign for archaic greek reading ; 3.D shape signs(those signs were used much intensevely in carian, not to mention that there are equal chances to be written by carians ;
When I counted the signs carian won upon archaic greek… but carian signs were taken from greeks! So upon the expected age of the tablets,not sufficent old)
Proto-Cuneiform Picture-Writing :: First Attempts At Writing
<< Around halfway through the Uruk Period, about 150 years into the Late Uruk Period which spans from about 3500-3100 BCE (bringing us to about 3350 BCE) is when we begin to see the first examples of writing. The Sumerians first attempts were all pictographic in nature. Meaning that when they first attempted to record ideas and concepts in a physical symbolic fashion, they began to do so by drawing pictures of the things that they were attempting to represent.
Their medium of choice was clay, which they would fashion into small rectangles (which were shaped somewhat like little pillows) which the accountant-scribe would scratch the glyphs into with the stalk of a reed which had been cut down to the right size. That was all the stylus they needed. Though in a couple of centuries they would eventually sharpen one end of the reed into a triangular shape for a more precise “sketching-edge” which in actuality was destined to revolutionize the whole nature of the script. >>
So we have all the signs on Tartaria tablets scratched (as does sumerians in that early stage) , no one imprinted as used sumerians for proto-cuneiform numbers !
<< Proto-Cuneiform Number Systems
For example, if you look right you will see that a small circular impression meant “10” while a conical impression stood for “1”.>>
********************************** Ooops! Some fellows encountered same difficultyies with D-shape signs, but even when choosed to equate D-signs with moon , not continued and in the rest is quite out of matter. From https://cogniarchae.com/2015/10/29/tartaria-tablets-connection-between-vinca-and-proto-linear-b-script/
“So now, the hardest part. What are these D and O shaped signs. Even though they look like Latin letters, we don’t really see them in Linear scripts. EXCEPT in their measuring system. In some texts I read on the Tărtăria tablets sign “D” is represented as a symbol of the moon. It is interesting to see that in Linear B it represents volume, possibly given on a monthly bases. The second thing that is important to mention is that other signs represented in the lower part of the picture mean units of measurement. At the same time have phonetic value. (ie PE, ZE, MO…) So it is safe to say that if our D signwas really a unit of measurement, it also had a phonetic value. If so, what could it be? I believe it could be MO, even though MO is already a value of a different sign on a picture above.”
……………………………………………………………………
At the first glance one take notice of the cross division of the tablet or equal-cross drawn lines.
There are many opinions regarding the cross sign origin and supposed attached meaning in the course of the history.
For exemple the very begining, out of some paleolithic carvings, sumerians used very early round tokens with cross inscribed wich they used to record and mean sheep.
Cause of the sun-cross relation the round Tartaria tablet was nicknamed:” Tablita-Soare”(rom.) “THE SUN TABLET”
This cross was found also in Egypt related to Osiris and ressurection.
The Sun, resurection and its related icon and cross icon were before and at the origin of christian religion.
The Symbol of Shamash http://www.darkstar1.co.uk/ds17.html
”Given that the 1st Century Romans had inexplicably re-launched the Persian cult of Mithras, a ‘sun-god’ whose ritual practices had much in common with Early Christianity, then it may be equally possible that this coin carries forward the very ancient tradition of the Mesopotamian winged disc. However, I would question the bland assumption that all these symbols represent the Sun.
For instance, the shrine at Larsa devoted to the ‘sun-god’ Utu/Shamash is represented by quite different symbolism, that of ‘the crescent-with-sun-disc on top of an altar or tower temple with water at its base’ (4). This symbol includes two stars above the upturned crescent. The Egyptologist David Rohl notes that these depictions were often rotated to become more recognisable cuneiform symbols.
Thus, if we rotate this Shamash’s early symbol from Larsa 180 degrees, we obtain a disc within a crescent, accompanied by two stars. We seem to have the archetypal Mesopotamian and ancient Egyptian winged disc, complete with its two uraei. These uraei are two ‘divine cobras’ that are often shown as smaller discs attached to the central disc by two wavy lines. All of these symbols, then, appear to have a common framework, and this is in keeping with the Roman coin.”
But when checked.…great pleasing surprise”:
A Companion to Greek Mythology https://books.google.ro/books?isbn=1444396935
Ken Dowden, Niall Livingstone -Thus, the Akkadian Nergal (god of the Underworld) may have been viewed as meaning ‘Lord of the Great City (Sumerian EN.URU.GAL).14 The Ugaritic Mot was king of this subterranean city: … (KTU 1.5 ii 13–16) This ‘concave kingdom’ is described in words which parodied the mountain dwelling of Baal, king of the gods.
From http://enenuru.proboards.com/thread/657/
Name Cuneiform Additional information Source
Enuru
(den-uru2) Retinue of Šamaš RlA2/p40
This stands for – divine name + the sign UNU – . What is interesting to note is that these geographical names, for example UD+UNU (Larsa), or SHESH+UNU (Ur), seem to be direct adaptions of the Early protoliterate City Seals. This becomes clearer still when we note the cuneiform sign UNU, a part of the geographical names, (when flipped vertical) appears to be a direct adaption from the ‘base’ or ‘stand’ in the seals. It symbolises the abode of the deity, so UD+UNU, is the home of the Sun god, and the UNU is a part of his temple or ziggurat. And here we see the ePSD entry for unu as dwelling:
Read more: http://enenuru.proboards.com/thread/142/city-seals-early-political-alliances#ixzz58xP8fo57
This stands for – divine name + the sign UNU – . What is interesting to note is that these geographical names, for example UD+UNU (Larsa), or SHESH+UNU (Ur), seem to be direct adaptions of the Early protoliterate City Seals. This becomes clearer still when we note the cuneiform sign UNU, a part of the geographical names, (when flipped vertical) appears to be a direct adaption from the ‘base’ or ‘stand’ in the seals. It symbolises the abode of the deity, so UD+UNU, is the home of the Sun god, and the UNU is a part of his temple or ziggurat. And here we see the ePSD entry for unu as dwelling:
“unu [DWELLING] (1511x: Lagash II, Ur III, Old Babylonian) wr. unu6; unu2; unu “banquet; dining hall; the most sacred part of a temple; seat, throne; dwelling, domicile, abode; temple” Akk. mākalû; mūšabu; usukku; šubtu”
. From a linguistic point of view, Nikolas Platon has suggested that the root a-sa-sa-ra may well be compared to the Phoenician divine name Asherat.46 In line with this suggestion, Jan Best—who for the divine name also pointed to Asherah from the Old Testa- ment—explained the enclitic element -me or -ma as a particle com- parable to Ugaritic -m as in balm “oh Baal!” and ilm “oh Il!”. ………………………..
As it seems, then, both the divine name and the grammatical features of the Linear A formula (y)a-sa-sa-ra.meor ya-sa-sa-ra-ma “oh Asherah!” are Old Phoenician. A similar conclusion no doubt holds good for its hiero- glyphic predecessor from the Early Minoan III/Middle Minoan I tran- sitional period (c. 2000 BC), now readable as a-sa1-sa1-ra-me or a- sa1-sa1-ra.me “Oh Asherah!” (the case with the punctuation mark in form of a hook concerns # 252 as depicted in Fig. 6a, no. I)………………………… Cretan hieroglyphic 30 of Asherah served as an asylum for international trade. More in general, the zealous veneration of the goddess may be compared to the predilection of the miners in Sinai for Baaalat of which their inscriptions in the Proto-Sinaitic alphabet, variously dated c. 1850 BC, c. 1600 BC or c. 1500 BC, bear testimony.
SO, IT IS SURE, MY SUPOSITION THAT THE SIGN IS THAT OFA CELESTIAL FEMALE DEITY as Baaalat / ASHERAH / Tanit (wich in turn, or beside it is related to mining and trade) IS RIGHT !! More than this, the tablets could be brought by a metalurgist,prospector,trader? from the south-east !
“Also common is the comb motif (Table 1) with three to eight teeth 33 inscriptions. As the comb motif is used with so many different numbers of teeth and as the comb inscriptions seem to be used in a similar manner, and are found in similar places on pottery as the score mark inscriptions, we think these signs also denote numbers. We translate a comb with n(3 ≤ n ≤ 8) teeth as 10+n. Other possibilities are the numbersn or n+1 (n teeth plus the horizontal stroke), but these seem unlikely as there are already signs for n and n+1 (n or n+1 score marks).”
5 mai 2000 – Inspiration for all this came out of not being able to find a Sumerian ……AŠ[191x] = 1 (“1” one numeric) | dili [227x] = (to be) single, unique, sole; …
It is very similar to the shape individuated by Gh. Lazarovici with code 238f, meaning ‘fi
rst quarter of the moon’. The same sign was utilized to render the first crescent in a lunar cycle engraved on a stone around the second part of IV millennium BC
at Knowth (Boyne Valley, Ireland) 1523. The graphic concept is similar to that at the base of the ancient form of the Chinese character Yue4, meaning
’moon’. In the beginning, the pictograph was a new moon hanging in the sky. Gradually, a vertical stroke was added inside. I also assume the (sign image) as a symbol for the ‘fi
rst quarter of the moon’.The (sign image) finds partial graphic convergence with the sign 187 of the Indus script:1524 and in the ATU528 from the proto-cuneiform:(sign image)
The aforementioned sign D, which follows the, is registered in the inventory of the Danube script as DS 033.0, as previously analyzed “
Note Yes, could be “first qarter of the moon” but where’s the sign in proto-cuneiform sign lists? (Borger,Falkenstein,Yariz)
No, the first sign aforementioned by Mr. Merlini ATU528 (wich has 2 paralel strokes inside), is not as close to the real sign as the proto-cuneiform sign I’ve found: Much close to sign SUR (wich has an “L”-shaped sign inside!) : From https://cdli.ucla.edu/tools/SignLists/protocuneiform/archsigns.html
My rendering for the first “D”-like sign is : SUR —————————————————————— The next, 2-nd D cannot be found as such in proto-cuneiform UCLA sign-list. I found exactly the D-sign in Falkenstei proto-cuneiform sign list, https://cdli.ucla.edu/tools/SignLists/ATU1.pdf as No.527 .There has no name, nor meaning indication.
Mr. Marco Merlini’s opinion: TĂRTĂRIa AND THE SACRED TABLETS XC. Investigating the signs on the circular tablet https://fashiondocbox.com/Jewelry/90885882-Tartaria-and-the-sacred-tablets.html page 320: “The D shape incised on the tablet from Tărtăria has convergences in the sign lists of many ancient systems of writing. We have mentioned some of them when discussing the D on the left quadrant. We have here to add that proto-cuneiform presents two kinds of D. We have already mentioned the rounded form D (ATU 709) when discussing this sign with a tail from the upper left quadrant. The sharp incised on the upper right quadrant finds graphic parallels with ATU 527. As substantiated in the next chapter, if the D is a lunar symbol in several early systems of writing and in rock art, at Tărtăria it stands for the Full Moon as the best suitable moment for human fecundation. So I suppose to be MOON ?
From CRYPTCRACKER cryptcracker.blogspot.com/2007/03/oldest-west-semitic-inscriptions-these.html ” the circle (with or without a central dot) was the standard form in the Iron Age, eventually becoming the letter O(a vowel, no longer a consonant) in the Greek and Roman alphabets. In the syllabary (by my calculations) the circle is the sun (shimshu, hence SHI)”
Nigin, “to encircle” ,”roam about” V12.COMPARATIVE ENCYCLOPEDIC DICTIONARY OF MESOPOTAMIAN VOCABULARY … https://books.google.ro/books?isbn=1312229934 Nigin: Sumerian. Verb. To round up. Nigin: Sumerian. Verb. To include. Nigin: Sumerian. Verb. To bring in. Nigin: Sumerian. Verb. To encircle. Nigin: Sumerian.to confine
From http://doormann.tripod.com/engsum.htmNigin/Circulate
Nigin/Enclosure
Nigin/Go/round
Nigin/Revolve
Nigin/Surround/(to)
Nigin/Wander/(to) From V12.COMPARATIVE ENCYCLOPEDIC DICTIONARY OF MESOPOTAMIAN VOCABULARY … https://books.google.ro/books?isbn=1312229934 Nierime (Nierim): Sumerian. Adjective. Wrong … Total.Nigin: Sumerian. Noun. Totality. Nigin: Sumerian. Adverb. All together.Nigin: … The whole amount. Nigin: .
So…. hard to say….I am tempted to excludefrom the begining to be an administrative tablet, as to have here simple numbers. Based on three assumptions: 1. sumerians made numbers by imprinting, not by scratching 2.scientists said that the tablets could be involved in a kind of religious ritual 3.no reason in this case (numbers) to cover (as M.Merlini supposed) upper half of the tablet wich contain an supposed esoteric content..
So, maybe: A. AS……….GAR-GARNIGIN“One(God)….(to)Place,confine enclosure —————————————————– B. AS SUR Moon Nigin :”one(god) “rain,flow,river ..MOON(God)…enclosure,total,whole”
(? As-sur:” one warrior encircle,wander,surround”?) ——————————————————- C. What about a rendering wich partly satisfy Mr,Merlini rendering and mine?: …………GOD SUR MOON FULL………….GOD CARRYFULL MOON —————————————————– D. AS GAR DISLAGAB LAGAB See number 10, from http://www.ancientscripts.com/sumerian.html
CARPATHIAN MOUNTAIN CARPATHIAN MOUNTAINS SACRED PLACE
(Possible same name was also a GOD)
Our oriental-induced “Gebeleisis”
Gibil or Gebalthe god of fire in Sumerian mythology, The God of … https://www.knowbiblefactsfromfiction.com/gibil-or-gebal-the-god-of-fire-in-sumeria…
Gibil or Gebal the god of fire in Sumerian mythology, The God of Byblos the progeny of Hiram Abi, The heart of Freemasonry’s abominable roots and found in Psalms 83 as those …. Mountain gods were known in Anatolia, Syria, and Palestine since Hittite times, and they continued to be venerated up until the Roman age.
Me:ais,asa is anatolian &italic for “altar” Ais,aisna is etruscan “God”,
So, GEBALaisis: “FIRE-GOD (GEBAL)”
Mount Sinai also known as Mount Horeb or Gabal Musa, is a mountain in the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt that is a possible location of the biblical Mount Sinai, which is considered a holy site by the Abrahamic religions. Mount Sinai is mentioned many times in the Book of Exodus and other books of the Bible, and the Quran.
Jebel Barkal or GebelBarkal (Arabic: جبل بركل ) is a very small mountain located some 400 km north of Khartoum, in
Lycian KUGA:”Grandfather”
The Luwian Population Groups of Lycia and Cilicia Aspera During the …https://books.google.ro/books?id=T883AAAAIAAJ
Philo Hendrik Jan Houwink Ten Cate – 1961 – Cilicia
The same development must have taken place in Lycian kuga- “grandfather” alongside Hittite- Luwian huh{h)a- while tedi- “father” as compared with Luwian tati-
The sanctuary of Adad at Zabban? A fragment of a temple list in …
Zabban, a town in what was formerly Simurrum, on the borders between Babylonian and Assyria, remained in the first millennium a well-known cult-centre of Adad, for which the evidence is now collected by Daniel Schwemer (2000: 610). There is no doubt that the Assyrian temple list intends the Lord of Zabban to be understood as the storm god.
[E-]-kuga the temple of Sala;
House whose fearsomeness
[E-]-kuga
House wich is pure among the mountains
Me!What is this? Simurrum<>romanian city Simeria,near Deva
In c. 1801 BC, the powerful kingdom of Elam, which straddled important trade routes across the Zagros Mountains, invaded the Mesopotamian plain. With allies among the plain states, https://en.wikipediam.org/wiki/Hammurabi Elam attacked and destroyed the kingdom of Eshnunna, destroying a number of cities and imposing its rule on portions of the plain for the first time.
My note: these elamites,ancestor of sanskrit /Indo-European language
On his accession he married Ne-maat-Hap, the heiress of the previous king, and assumed the name of Khasekhemui. After a reign of nineteen years he was buried at Abydos, near the tombs of the first dynasty kings, and in his grave was found the gold object, referred to in a previous chapter, which appears to have been of metal derived from Transylvania. This tomb chamber was built of squared blocks of limestone, the earliest stonework of the kind as yet found in Egypt………………………..Whence the Cretans obtained their gold is uncertain, for there are no deposits on the island, though the metal was at a later date found near Sardes in Asia Minor. It is well, however, to remember the fragments of gold in the tomb of Khasekhemui, which are thought to have come from Transylvania. If they Early Minoan Times 105 came from so distant a source they may well have been taken to Egypt by Cretan mariners………………Not far from Vinca is a cinnabar mine. Tordos is in the very centre of a region where lie the richest deposits’of gold now worked in Europe, deposits whence much precious metal was obtained during the time of the Roman Empire. Near other sites there are copper mines. It is probable that the First Danubian people, when first they entered the Danube basin, were well acquainted with metal and knew how to work it, though it would appear that the colonists who wandered to the north-west soon lost that knowledge. It would seem likely that the gold found in the tomb of Khasekhemui, king of Egypt, to which reference has already been made in Chapters I and IV, came from the Maros valley and from near Tordos, so that it is clear that gold was being mined in Transylvania at a date which cannot be later than 3000 B. c., the date that we have accepted for the Egyptian monarch. If our Danubians were good sailors, as Childe has suggested, they would have had no difficulty in carrying this commodity to Crete, if not to Egypt itself
Was Eridu The First City in Sumerian Mythology? | Peeter Espak … http://www.academia.edu/18563322/Was_Eridu_The_First_City_in_Sumerian_MythologyThe latter seems to be created or constructed by the “primordial” god Lugaldu- kuga—the “king of the holy mountain.” The line in question may also be interpreted to mean that Lugaldukuga started residing in the holy mound. Lambert hypothesises that Lugaldukuga must be the name of 34 Sjöberg 1969: 17–18. 35 Frayne …
rib eye – English-Yoruba Dictionary https://yoruba.english-dictionary.help/english-to-yoruba-meaning-rib%20eye
Cuneiform (kuniforimu) :: Yet one still would have to show that this Egyptian creation was transferred to Mesopotamia and that the Sumerian protocuneiform and … Cougar (Kuga) :: Borrowing a method used to study human demographics he and his colleagues took samples from 352 cougars in the RockyMountain region …
PDF]Was Eridu The First City in Sumerian Mythology?1 – ResearchGate https://www.researchgate.net/…/Was-Eridu-The-First-City-in-Sumerian-Mythology.pd…
“the most ancient city” in Sumero-Akkadian mythology, this under- standing has a strong influence on our entire picture of ….. for other Sumero-Akkadian shrines, as the text on the Gudea Statue B demonstrates (iv 7–9): é dnin-g̃ír-su-ka …. kuga—the “king of the holy mountain.”…….Lambert hypothesises that Lugaldukuga must be the name of the god Ea.38 …
The Archaeomusicology of the Ancient Near East https://books.google.ro/books?isbn=1412055385
Richard J. Dumbrill – 2005 – History
From the reverse of I (I col. 5) we shall assume from the few words remaining that they are religious songs of which we cannot say more than they are called: sllllt-[ru s’a eb-bu-be]. At rev. II (col. 6) our reading continues with diverse types of songs: a) s’jrku-gu-u (l. 5), Akkadian rendition of Sumerian sirkuga, meaning ‘sacred song”…
F]Gendered literacy and numeracy in the Sumerian literary … – CiteSeerX
citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.582.6279&rep=rep1…by E Robson –
often in connection with mul ‘stars’, an ‘heaven’, kug’holy‘, and/or gun3.
Then,out of Strabon, https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/KogaiononStrabon. Apare la autorii moderni și în forma eronată de Kogaion.
„…καὶ τὸ ὄρος ὑπελήφθη ἱόερν , καὶ προσαγορεύουσιν οὕτως· ὄνομα δ᾿αὐτῷ Κωγαίονονὁμώνυμον τῷ παραρρέοντι ποταμῷ.”
„…și muntele a fost luat [de către Geți] drept sfânt, și ei îl și numesc astfel; iar numele lui este Kōgaionon, la fel cu cel al râului care curge pe alături.”
Not only a mount but it seems also a deity.
We have three path of reasoning:
1.greek-one
KOGaionon as in Mysaion,Heraion, :”the place/temple (of) Mysa/arts,Hera,etc.
Temple,place/AION,ION(ancestral father,god-like depicted as related to Kronos and with pick-axe in hand)
In greek ion:”moving” aion:”still” aionon:”eternity”
Why Can’t Aionas Ton Aionon Mean Eternity? – Tentmaker Ministries http://www.tentmaker.org/FAQ/forever_eternity.html
The Greek phrase “aionas ton aionon,” which is translated “forever and ever,” occurs 18 times in the Greek New Testament. In 17 of them, the phrase means without end, extending into infinity.In Rev. 19:3, the phrase is used to describe the destruction of the great whore of Babylon (Rev. 17:1,4) whose smoke ascends …
2.Sumerian:KUGA:”sacred,pure”
3.Anatolian:Luw.huha,Lyc.kuga>?koga?:”grandfather”
I allready shown that kuga could be equated as Giga. Remember Anatolian ruller GUGU,and related mythology to GYGantes. In Romania we have GOGeanu mountain range and peak GUGU.Also GOGand Magog. GUG/GOGis PIE-root for humpback(rom.geb,gab), mound, swelling.The same way as Gebel/Gebal is.
(Humpback usually associeted to old-ones)
Sum.kug,kug-ga ;kug-ga-na gug >>Anatolian GUG,GUGA,GYGES,HUHA,lyc.KUGA>PIE kuk; perhaps retained original aspect “pure,bright”wich was applied directly to theyr ancestors
(as ancestors were highly respected, “pure,silver-haired”; there is another IE-root GOG/GUG:”swelling” as hills and mounds were sought mythical megalithical gygantic constructions of old-ones, ATLantes,GYGantes,kind of Titans) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * (Same word/notion, in close form “KAGA “was found in an inscription from TOMIS:
Olteanu Sorin, KAGA c si KOGAIONON. Datele … – Isidore http://www.rechercheisidore.fr/search/resource/?uri=10670/1.5hx9er
KAGA c si KOGAIONON. Datele problemi / KAGA et KOGAIONON. Données du problème. Par : Sorin Olteanu. Date : 1989 | disponible sur http://www2.misha.fr/flora/jsp/index_view_direct.jsp?record=… Mots-clés : CLAUDIUS MUCACIUS (TI.), HEROS THRACE, GETES, POLYTHEISME, PHILOLOGIE et DEDICACE … ——————————————————————————————————————— Now explain me some names from Romania: towns :Simeria,Deva,Cugir <> Shumeru,Deva,Kiengir mountains: Gogeanu,Surianu, peaks Gugu,Suru,Peleaga <>Gog-an,gog-anu;Suri-an/anu;Gug/Gog;Surya;Pelegus On the origins of extractive metallurgy: new evidence from Europe https://edisciplinas.usp.br/…/On%20the%20origins%20of%20extractive%20metallurg… by M Radivojevic – Copper mineral use in the Balkans emerged with the early Neolithic cultures; mostly for malachite bead making, although two metal artefacts, a double-pointed copper awl (Vlassa, 1969: 514) and a copper fish hook (Lazarovici, 1970: 477) are reported in settlements in Transylvania and the Danube Gorges. Vinca groups
The Developed Neolithic is marked by the migration of some new groups of populations, whose point of departure was the south of the Balkan Peninsula,as part of the group of cultures with polished black pottery. These same groups created the Vinča culture (more commonly divided into four main phases: A, B, C and D),
Sinclair Hood suggested that Sumerian prospectors had been drawn by the gold-bearing deposits in the Transylvanian region, resulting in these off-shoot cultures. But if the carbon dating results were correct, then Tartaria was 4000 BC, which meant that the Vinca Culture was older than Sumer, orSumer was at least a .
Perhaps prospectors trained in Asiatic traditions had begun working the copper of Transylvania, Slovakia, and the Eastern Alps, and even the tin …… 4 but just as well in the EarlySumerian metal-work of Ur. for the type is In Anatolia, gold specimens occur in the Royal comparatively Tombs of Alaca, 6 at …