Tartaria tablets, advanced research. (Latest). Answers to allmost possible questions.

October 31, 2019

 

Careful/ Attention !                                                                                                                                                This post is not a decipherment or reading of any actual written content of Tartaria tablets. Given that the signs do not belong to a single writing system but to several, the page has a purely didactic character. It has the role of trying and testing different writings, in the idea that the tablets would have used one of them. The signs on the tablets belong to several writing systems over a long period of time and which have been used in different geographical areas. In none of the trials did the signs fall into a single type of writing, there always remained signs that came from other writings (or as coming from the unknown). Most of the signs come from the Sumerian proto-cuneiform -shaped ones. The signs in the upper half of the round tablet seem to come from archaic Greek writing. This “collection” of signs seems to be the fruit of one’s rich imagination. As A. Falkenstein and A. A. Vaiman found, (this is also my firm opinion) the author was not a scribe, he had only vague notions about writing in general, and it is not known what he intended  or he was after. There are many elements of inconsistency as well as others that take the tablets out of the usual patterns and norms of honest logic, writing and intentions. =====

Tartaria tablets, latest advanced research. Answers to allmost possible questions.

Picture,from https://www.descopera.ro/stiinta/3343280-misterele-tablitelor-de-la-tartaria

Map from https://cersipamantromanesc.wordpress.com/2014/07/30/adevarata-istorie-a-descendentei-noastre/

Image result for tartaria alba harta Tartaria village, Alba County

Only three important, crucial issues have been  in the attention of researchers, during decades since discovery of the tablets in ’61, until today.

N.Vlassa , chief in charge at the archaeological diggings. supposed discoverer .               His picture from https://actualdecluj.ro/semnificatia-tablitelor-de-la-tartaria-muzeul-de-istorie-din-cluj-detine-cele-mai-vechi-scrieri-din-istoria-civilizatiei/

Image result for nicolae vlassa arheologul

Image result for tartaria tablets arheologie.ulbsibiu.ro Tartaria groapa Luncii from arheologie.ulbsibiu.ro

But also the same questions still surrounded by mistery, and interesting the audience at the highest level:                                                                                                                            1.real age  2. Genuine?  3. Whether or not carry a form of writing.                                       The answers to these questions will be, each of them detailed and almost dissected, and  have been the result of more than 10 years of dedicated research. Into the field of birth and followed by the evolution of writing in the world, various world writing systems, and then the comparative study customized and applied to Tartaria tablets (Tartaria tablets=TT)

1. Are TT as old as spoken/rumors ?

Various researchers have advanced different ages.There is no convergence of opinions. Their discoverer, N.Vlassa told of about 2.700 B.C. Then others went up to 5.300 B.C. (e.g. M.Merlini).                                                                                                                                             The age of 5.300 BC after me is completely out of  question, and the 2.400-2.700 BC is the maximum extreme theoretical! limit from which I can discuss after my humble opinion. I Will explain the reasons why even this latter age is not possible.

2.What are the arguments of most researchers for these TT ages (after me unrealistic)?

For 5,300 BC :                                                                                                                                          – the alleged finding of the tablets in the layer corresponding to the civilization of Vinca and the age same as of the bones (5,300 BC/C14) assumed to be found in the immediate vicinity. Image, from https://www.thelivingmoon.com/46ats_members/Lisa2012/03files/Tartaria_Tablets.html

Image result for tartaria bones Tartaria Groapa Luncii, female bones dated 5.300 B.C.

At present, very few researchers are still claiming such an old age.                                     For 2400-2700 BC :                                                                                                                               – possible fallen down from above strata, so origin from newer layers (and hence the membership of artefacts to crops such as Cotofeni? Baden? Petresti?) and                          – related assessments of some artifacts found in the immediate proximity of TT, as pertaining to later cultures than Vinca A-C, as well as                                                                   – judgments and comparisons generally related to the time of appearance, and the evolution of writing in the world.

From https://alba24.ro/autenticitatea-tablitelor-cu-semne-pictografice-de-la-tartaria-enigma-pentru-unii-istorici-ce-spune-arheologul-horia-ciugudean-care-in-1989-a-participat-la-sapaturi-400800.html  :

Image result for tartaria groapa luncii Artefacts found alegedly with the tablets,

Image, from  https://fashiondocbox.com/90885882-Jewelry/Tartaria-and-the-sacred-tablets.html

Image result for  tartaria groapa luncii Tartaria-Groapa Luncii (the very site where tablets were found)

3.Were TT in that layer (VINCA) ? Were the tablets near the bones?

It is not known for sure;
“there are no photos or sketches, blueprints of the exact location of each artifact, and much more,

  • – Not known who were present/ all the persons close to the moment of discovery,        – where exactly were every of them, or walked in the ritual complex, when and how much time some missed (eg. Vlassa some hours)                                                           – Who was the very person who first saw or found TT                                                      – In fact who first touched them is not known.                                                                   – When, who gathered, packed the artefacts and transported to museum , when and to whom were given, where in the museum were put ?

In conclusion, there are no witnesses and no hard evidence of where exactly where every artefact/item including TT were placed or were found in the entire religious complex.                                                                                                                                               AS A RESULT, I HAVE ANY ASSISTANCE AND CANNOT RELY ON ANY EVIDENCE REGARDING THE PLACE AND MOMENT OF DISCOVERY, AND THE SAME ON ESTIMATED AGE, REMAINING FOR ME THE SINGLE OPTION, THAT OF ANALISING THE SIGNS !

4.  There is available a scientific method of measuring their age exactly?

Their Age cannot be determined with any of the current methods. Worse not anymore, as the tablets have been baked in an owen (who has decided at an unknown temperature is not known) apparent, immediately after discovery, because they seemed to be friable.                                                                                                                                       (Not to be enough, before  chemical structure was changed , as were impregnated with nitrolack !)

5.Could be TT genuine  sumerian or how much could be related to the early stage of the sumerian handwriting?

There are not a sumerian, it is absolutely certain.                                                                          Top researchers in the proto-writing field said that although the signs are similar to the sumerian proto-cuneiform (proto-writing stage), the signs and writing are not authentic/genuine sumerian.                                                                                                              These researchers only mentioned these similarities and differencies in the passage and in a superficial way.                                                                                                                              I went into more detail and explained that the signs are similar in shape reflected only as blueprints, schematic way/sketch the proto-sumerian signs, but they have no their counterpart concrete shape.                                                                                                       Researchers shows shortcomings, they have                                                                                 – not identified all the signs, and they have                                                                                      – misidentified others. (Ex A. Vaiman, R.Kolev and others).                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The resemblance is due to the filogenesis of the writing in general. That is, the connection and the ultimate sumerian origin and transmission of the signs and in fact of many writing systems used in the Near East and in the Aegean area. Such a filiation, apart from the one noted by researchers I.Papakitsos and G. Kenanidis (relative to the Aegean proto-linear writing) is supported and explained by me and in addition and sometimes more detailed. However, I did not think of some assyrologists and specialists in sumerian proto-writing/proto-cuneiform (e.g. Falkenstein, A. Vaiman, R.Kolev) to approach a sumerian interpretation as long as they claim that signs are not proper/really sumerian?

From The Origins of Writing as a Problem of Historical Epistemology                 Peter Damerow https://cdli.ucla.edu/pubs/cdlj/2006/cdlj2006_001.html

figure1

<<…. early writing systems seems to indicate, as Ignaz Gelb has pointed out in his famous Study of Writing (Gelb 1952: 212-220), that the idea spread in various directions at the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC from centers in Mesopotamia and Egypt. Proto-Elamite writing occurs only a short time after proto-cuneiform. It was used for a short period in vast areas of the Iranian plateau. In the second half of the 3rd millennium BC, writing is attested as far to the north as Ebla in Syria and to the east as the Indus culture in modern Pakistan. Minoan writing starts at Crete around the turn of the 3rd to the 2nd millennium BC. At that time, cuneiform writing is also attested further north in the regions of Anatolia.>>

                                                                                                                                                                   6. What examples could be given  to support the fact that TT are not genuine sumerian ones ?

  • Always the sumerian signs/marks for numbers (with the apparent  D-letter shape) in the Sumer were made by imprinting, but ours are made by tracing/scratching.
  • Sumerian numbers : from https://sites.utexas.edu/dsb/tokens/the-evolution-of-writing/
  • Image result for sumerian 3.200 proto writing numbers (Fig. 2) Impressed tablet featuring an account of grain, from Godin Tepe, Iran (Courtesy Dr. T. Cuyler Young, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto)
  • Image result for proto-cuneiform Proto-cuneiform tablet (W 9578,g) from Uruk IV, 3350-3200 BC …
  • Only D-shaped proto-cuneiform sumerian NINDA/”bread” sign was traced/scraped. (on the right).                                                                                          Image from https://ro.pinterest.com/pin/488640628318570008/?lp=true
  • Image result for proto-cuneiform school tabletImage result for borger ud.unug proto-cuneiform
  •                                                                                                                                                     (We have on TT first D-sign on round TT very close to it, but not the same.            Image from http://aplaceofbrightness.blogspot.com/2008/11/moonlight-in-romania-tartaria-tablets_21.html                         
  • Image result for living moon tartaria)
  • Very many signs though reflecting by general way the shape of the sumerian proto-cuneiform ones, in fact their concrete and exact shape is much more like those that were later used in the Anatolian, Aegean (and even many in the Mediterranean) writings. As well as in the Near East (canaanite, phoenician).                 
  • IT IS A FACT THAT WAS NOT NOTICED NOt A WORD, BY ANY SCIENTIST, (ONLY BY ME) THAT:                                                                                                                                      – MANY SIGNS ON THE ROUND TABLET IS REFLECTING AN EVOLUTION, (CHANGED SHAPES THAN PROTO-CUNEIFORM), REFLECTING A LATER PERIOD OF TIME                                                                                                                                      One example:    Image result for moonlight tartaria     picture from  http://aplaceofbrightness.blogspot.com/2008/11/moonlight-in-romania-tartaria-tablets_21.html                                                                                                                        The H-like sign (on the round tablet with 3 horizontal bars) looks much more like, and even is exactly the same as the folowing:                                                                          – the Heth sign from canaanite writing/1.500-1.200 BC,                                                    – the Pa3 sign from the Aegean/2.000-1.500 BC,                                                                     – the archaic ETA/Heta sign from the archaic Greek/ 800-500BC (apparent crooked-looking due of offset vertical bars). But the sign is actually further present throughout  Mediterranean. Only one sign is identical to that of proto-cuneiform, the sign +++++++, the sumerian ‘As’ and another is approaching (the 1-st D), the sumeria sign “Sur“.

The Sumerians, during any period, used a uniform writing corresponding to the time during which the scribe was living. They did not use pictograms and ideographic signs on separate tablets at/in a given time.

7. The shape of clay TT is very important?

I don’t think it is. Image from https://www2.uned.es/geo-1-historia-antigua-universal/ESCRITURAS_ANTIGUA/Escrituras_3__antiguas_BALKAN_DANUBE-SCRIPT.htm

 Clay disc from Vinca, Serbia

Otherwise I know more examples  round tablets.                                                                  Sumerian star map, from                                                                                 https://curiosmos.com/this-5500-year-old-sumerian-star-map-recorded-the-impact-of-a-massive-asteroid/

Image result for sumerian star chart

and none sumerian ones with a hole. Then the Cretan tablets with the hole, but not perfectly round-shaped.

 Linear Script A/ http://arthistoryresources.net/greek-art-archaeology-2016/minoan-outline.html , and round ball:

 Cypro-Minoan clay ball in Louvre, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypro-Minoan_syllabary

Folowing Karanovo tablet http://institutet-science.com/sakralna-plochica-karanovo/?lang=en

Image result for karanovo tablet

Another round tablet & holes, from Tartaria : https://adevarul.ro/locale/alba-iulia/tablita-secreta-tartaria-contine-obiectul-arheologic-descoperit-2014-semnele-erau-ascunse-privitorilor-1_57fcfa425ab6550cb876646f/index.html

Image result for tartaria tablet

Then the discussion about how flat or swelling/bulged are some or others do not see to be much productive.

 8. Are the TT genuine ?

YES. (More so yes than no! )                                                                                                                ( partly No, because it does not seem to be the result of a one’s intention to communicate by writing something connected with a particular economic or religious necessity.)

Yes, because the one who wrote them didn’t intended to fool somebody and whatever intented (we do not know what), the scribe was fair intended. It seems he wanted rather to practice the evolution of  writing or to show someone the same evolution and basic principles of writing.                                                                                                                     Maybe at the best succeded to write a short ritualic formula or short written economical token.

9. If the “writer” intended to show the evolution and writing principles, could be like/kind ofsumerian-like school scribal tablets ?

Definitely no. Because school scribal tablets:                                                                                  – put youngsters to copy teacher’s texts,                                                                                         – to divide tablets in writing sectors, and                                                                                    – were quite repetitive in content, as containing lexical lists, eg. of things, ocupations, etc.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         From The tablet House: a scribal school in old Babylonian Nippur Eleanor Robson https://www.cairn.info/revue-d-assyriologie-2001-1-page-39.htm#

  • Types of school scribe, writing-learning tablets:

Table 1

Table 3 The order of the elementary curriculum in House F[20]
Table 3
tableau im13

10. What is the point, or why there are 3 tablets together?

The question can be asked because if you have something to say, you write everything on a tablet and  not spreading the message in three different places. Or at least write using the same writing system.                                                                                                 The answer is that he wanted to show the evolution of the writing from icons to ideograms, and even to some extent to syllables and letters.                                          We have                                                                                                                                                   – a rectangular (without hole) tablet with icons.                                                                            – another rectangular tablet (with hole) with ideograms.(These ideograms/logograms may have in the extreme the function of syllabograms)                                                         – a Round tablet (with hole) to all appearances shows the Aegean syllabograms, or even letters (Anatolian/archaic Greek).                                                                                              (except for 2 complex rituallic? marks/ideograms present in the right-hand lower quarter).

11. Are there any cases in the world of using by the same scribe of two or three writing systems?

Only exceptionally, two, e.g. the Roseta stone written with Egyptian hierogliphs and Greek letters, but there is no known case in which 3 writing systems appear (as in our case) and not with systems whose temporal spread  covers 2000-3000 years!      (Sumerian proto-cuneiform 3.300BC, Cretan  Hierogliphic 2,000 BC, linear A/B 1500 BC, Greek archaic writing 800-300BC) >> time span 3.000 years !

12. Is it claimed that the (by somewhat majority) the assumption  that the signs were used at religious ceremonies?

Although researchers make reference some for economic use and others for religious, none of them fully supports or demonstrate any of the alternatives. In other words, leave open the way for any interpretation (including a mixed one !?)
The scales is serious inclining for yes.                                                                                      (only slightly Not, since                                                                                                                        – the tablets contain only 2 complex ideograms (in the round of the right-bottom quarter) that could play a role in religious ceremonies,  otherwise all signs were used in different areas by different civilizations for true writing !                                                                           – many researchers noticed possible number marks, so economical purpose)                                Mainly Yes, since the round plate contains in the right-hand-bottom quarter 2 complex ideograms and in addition the rectangular one with the hole contains many ideograms/logograms, all of which are applicable to religious rites.                               And again, yes, as  it is possible that ONLY the upper half of the round tablet  contain a written/verbal/ritualic formula for use in such ceremonies. This may be, or sure it is the explanation, that this portion was usually hidden from the direct view of the passers-by, being covered by the rectangular one.

13. What about  scribe’s training on writing?

Most researchers claim that he was almost illiterated. I support the same idea. It seems that in general the tablets were covered with many signs from different writing systems and the only section where the scribe has managed to write is the upper half of the round tablet. Probably he was aware of this fact from the very beginning!                       (!…iliterated, but how happened he had the ability and the science to display signs used in large spatial and temporal expansion !)                                                                                          Having access to a large sign library, and an ordered, organized character of the signs on 3 different tablets,                                                                                                                                – Now, I am seeing the scribe different as in the past time, not as a person close to illiterate but maybe a priest(ess) ?, or rather kind of Berossus of his time !

14.How much new in extreme, could be the tablets ?

Theoretically and practically it could reach the very period of  archaic Greek writing 800-300 BC or that of the etheocretan wich goes/rich to our era/AC. 

From Wikimedia Commons,File:CretanEpichoricAlphabets.png

File:CretanEpichoricAlphabets.pngBut it is excluded to be newer from the early Middle Ages due to certain aging traces. The possibility of a inscription of recent date does not exceed that of being written, by a catholic teacher-priest !!!, (… who had access to old writings and documents.)                          The tablets are shown as a collection of signs, apparently scattered from different areas and periods of time, but nevertheless ordered and somehow divided into three major  evolution of writing categories.                                                                                                  Who could have done this? It is all easier when we are approaching modern times ? where the possibility of access to signs used in the past is increasing.

15. The signs on the tablets belong to or are placed in a specific, particular writing in the world?

No! In fact my entire work mainly includes the testing of the various writing systems. Unfortunately no tablet is matching entirely with one writing. But no chance for all 3 tablets simultaneously ! The greatest closeness, that is, the largest number of signs can be found in the Sumerian proto-cuneiform and almost equal to the letters of the Anatolian writings.(the signs are found in the various Anatolian writings, the top being the carian writing/alphabets).

From Alphabets of Asia Minor https://tied.verbix.com/project/script/asiam.html

Then follows a series of Mediteranean writings, in the top  being Aegean  writings.               For these reasons, the writing and of course the tablets seem to have a subsequent age newer  of 2.400 BC. (See also Cretan hierogglyphic 2200-2000 BC ,linear A, 1800-1500 BC). None of the tablets can be read using a specific writing for each/no match. Much impossible to read/read using a single  writing system for all three !

16. Strictly on sign appreciation What age could be given to the  the signs ?

Although many signs and to a large extent only “look-like” the sumerian ones reflecting only by far their shape, in the general signs show to be much more recent (new). Unfortunately, a few (really few)  have not been used in the concrete form present on tablets absolutely no in the world before 1,200-1,500 BC !(e.g. sign D ; …oops present in Indus/Harappa writing)

From https://sites.google.com/site/collesseum/qeiyafa-ostracon-2

                                                              Khirbet Qeiyafa ostracon (1.000 B.C. ?)

17. The tablets belong to  Danube, Old Europe, or a Daco-Thracian civilisations ?

No, the Danube civilization/The Old Europe has come close, but it hasn’t even reached the stage of the proto-writing. cause was not a highly socially stratified society in this area, and there were no mach attraction or dedication to writing. In fact, the  tablets are singletones,  absolute unique. The tablets of Gradeshnita, Karanovo, Dispilio belong to other cultures and other phases of writing evolution (proto-writing).                     Regarding Cris-starcevo and Vinca Civilisations:

From Ancient DNA from South-East Europe Reveals Different Events during Early and Middle Neolithic Influencing the European Genetic Heritage https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0128810

“Firstly, archaeological data show that the Neolithic expansion from Anatolia was not a single event but was represented by several waves of migrants [24]. In this respect the Proto-Sesklo culture in Greece, from which directly Starčevo-Criş in the North Balkans and indirectly LBK in Central Europe originate [2526] represents only the first great wave of Neolithisation of Europe [27]. A later great wave of migration from North-West Anatolia led to important cultures of South-Eastern Europe such as Vinča and Boian cultures [28].                                                                                                                               …………..The first Neolithic inhabitants of Europe are described archeologically as belonging to the Aegean Early Neolithic cultures [27], from which the bearers of both the Starčevo-Criş-Körös complex in Serbia, Romania and Hungary [2837] and the Linear Pottery culture in Central Europe (LBK) [21] emerged.                                                          …………These data are in line with the idea of a common origin of the LBK and Starčevo-Criş cultures from the Aegean Neolithic cultures of Northern Greece/Thessaly, the first Neolithic complex in Europe [24].                                                                                     ……………..Fernandez E, Perez-Perez A, Gamba C, Prats E, Cuesta P, Anfruns J, et al. (2014) Ancient DNA Analysis of 8000 B.C Near Eastern Farmers supports an Early Neolithic Pioneer Maritime colonization of Mainland Europe through Cyprus and the Aegean Islans. “

18. Was the scribe a native of Tartaria ?

Definitely not ! The local community did not know the writing. The tablets were inscribed by an individual of different origin. From Anatolia and possibly from the Egeana area (Crete ?), or if you want of proto-Greek origin. Note that Anatolia is close, bordering  the Aegean, Syrian and Danube areas; (there are also indications of the presence of Anatolian craftsmen in the area of Vinca). TT could, however, be effectively inscribed by that person in his home-place or in extreme even in Tartaria.

19. What made for living the scribe; what could be his occupation/profession  ?

Others opinion is the same as mine, could be an prospector, craftsmen but much sure tradesman.

20.From the perspective of the evolution and existence of all writing systems in the world, which is the location occupied by TT signs ?

Here I have to say that because of the great similarity of the signs with the sumerian proto-cuneiform shapes, as well as the written signs used in the Aegean and Anatolia, to a large extent, it was possible and relatively easy interpretation of TT using each or any of these above writings This shows on the one hand the origin of the writing, but also the spread of the writing in space and time. The scribe and signs were coming  from somewhere in the space delimited by these civilizations.

From Writing in Neolithic Europe; an Aegean origin?  https://novoscriptorium.com/2019/09/28/writing-in-neolithic-europe-an-aegean-origin/

“For many years the earliest writing was assumed to have originated in Uruk, in Sumeria, Mesopotamia c. 3100 BC. Evidence from Egypt has now dated writing to c. 3400-3200 BC, while evidence from the Indus Valley suggests a date of 3500 BC for the development of writing there.  In the 1980s, a system of writing was noticed in the Balkans of the Final Neolithic period. This was identified as “pre-writing” by Shan Winn (1981) and Emilia Masson (1984) who considered whether this constituted a Vinča “script.” They each concluded that the Vinča signs represented a “precursor” to writing.
…   The Neolithic expansion, as is generally accepted in our time, started from the Aegean towards the North and not the opposite (of course, there also exists the controversial issue of some supposed initial migrations from Anatolia-Near East which, as we have presented with the help of officially published material, do not seem to be the case. It is more likely that domesticated seeds and animals were adopted by the Aegeans, through Trade, from the East rather than that the Aegeans were…substituted by some ‘ghost’ Eastern population that does not at all culturally-archaeologically appear in the Aegean or Southeastern Europe during the Neolithic). Therefore we must derive that Writing expanded from the Aegean to the North and not the opposite as some researchers have suggested in the past.”

21. The tablets could carry real script /true writing ?

 General opinion of scientists and scholars specialised in proto-writing is pointing for NO. Cause they realised that the signs are similar to those used in proto-writing, namely the proto-cuneiform signs. The use of proto-cuneiform signs is conducting only and unique to proto-writing ! And because almost all the signs are similar to those proto-sumerian it is about sumerian proto-writing.

Scientists also noticed that part of the signs are not identical in shape with those sumerian-ones, but probably thought that are a kind of variant, local adaptation, without explaining or detailing where or how this could happened. Thus begining with a basically “sumerian interpretation” their’s are in general close one to another and also close to mine.  Some told of economical tablets, seeing on the upper-right part of the round tablet only cereals and numbers.                                                                                                  But if taking as true that this section had ezoteric content and was intentionally hidden, it is cristal-clear that nobody was hiding numbers ! So numbers or ezoteric content, only one out of twoo !                                                                                                       But others, were pointing to an religious content, and not few saw ideograms wich not only could be used in religious rituals but in fact were practically used as such on a larger scale. In reality, the signs could be used for both purposes. In and describing an offering ritual ( cereals/bread and animals/goats). What I noticed myself that those ideograms are somehow similar to those used in ancient Aegean writings, (Cretan hierogliphic and Linear A), with the  result close interpretation. (even if  the signs are much close to those sumerian ones. )                                                                                    Exemple of closeness/similarities of Aegean signs to those sumerian ones:                                                              

Semn sumerian    Semn Egeean          Semnificatie                                                                             As,Se                          Te                          Cereale                                                                                  Gu,Gud                      Mu                           taur                                                                               Amar                        (a)Ma                     vitel/zeita-Mama                                                                 An                              ?                          zeu,cer                                                                                       Bad                            Da(Sa?)                        sacrificat,mort/                                                                 Ab /Zag/Ga’ar             Labrys               templu,stralucire/divin                                                      Ud                              capra,ied                         capra,ied                                                           Dara                                -”                                    -“-                                                               Ararma                      Asasara                          zeitate astrala?                                                         Gar                                   D                              masura volum cereale

From  https://enigmatica.ro/placutele-de-la-tartaria/

Image result for tablitele tartaria

From https://cdli.ucla.edu/pubs/cdlj/2015/cdlj2015_001.html                                                           BAD: …it bears the meaning “sacrificed,” or in the case of humans, simply “dead.”

Image result for damerow proto-cuneiform

From https://brill.com/view/book/9789004352223/BP000008.xml (see no.7, UD/goat)

Image result for goat proto-cuneiform

Folowing signs, from  https://cdli.ucla.edu/tools/SignLists/protocuneiform/archsigns.html

Ab Amar An Ararma As Sze/Se Ud5 Zag~a Zag~c Dara~3d Ga’ar~b1 Sur  Gar

All interpretations, of scientists and mine are sending to, are in close touch with an -religious ritual !  !

22. But if you ask me of an possible true writing ?

I say, I hope yes, on the round table, the top half, although we have there a kind of “impossible” combination of signs (“Doo/DDoc” sequence) and apparently no way out. However, in that half of the round tablet, we could have the archaic Greek letters:

Image result for tablitele tartaria pic from http://www.ziare.com/cultura/documentar/tablitele-de-la-tartaria-cea-mai-veche-scriere-a-lumii-descoperita-in-romania-1090967

To the left: Eta/Heta Rho/D?                                                                                                            And to the right:    Doo, DDoc?/ Dtwo?/RRoo, Roc?

What could be written, what possible texts?

It seems that we will never be able to have absolute certainty anymore, of any message or text. By one side                                                                                                              – we don’t know the language used, and by the other side                                                           – because there can be more possibilities of letters and not know for sure whether the P/D signs actually are for D or R letters ; and also,                                                                      – a concrete number of letters (even they are few !) may lead to a relatively large number of combinations of n as many as m)

Can one make suppositions at least?

Yes, there would be a set of proposals to be considered, for example:

Here Roc Roc Albanian here Rrok= time grab, understand

HeRos DiBoc=DiVos Greek Lord/master Zeu (use in religious ritual?)

EDE DiDou Greek “now give!”/”give to eat!” (This proposal is of some interest, since the root of the ED is present in both food-related words (e.g. EDTA) and in that of kid Ed.educs. We have one or more kids on the pictGraphics? So through the icon of the iedului can suggest the word Ed,Ede !: Mananca!/kid, iedule)

HeDe Didou Greek now,already give! (do you give it?; religious ritual?)

! Caution, *hed is the root Proto Indo-Europeana for ‘mananca’!

HRist(s) DDoc Latin “of the doctrine of christiana”

Hero, ERO DDoc (Decreto Doctor) Latin will be a doctor (Lat.”Professor”) in the theological doctrine)

etc

23. Again. Why 3 tablets, each with different “writing”, and how to explain this (only the appearance !) are there signs?

In fact, it is not a pile of signs. It Is the fruit of a conscious and deliberate effort. Remember, as for me, who have come to keep in mind hundreds of signs from each writing system, it would not necessarily be easy for me. If I intend to show to a student or any reader the main steps in the appearance and evolution of  writing, maybe I would do much the same.

On a tablet I would show pure icons/pictographs, as the ones on the pictographic tablet. I would choose about the same kind of basic signs, which almost identical meaning in the Sumerian proto-cuneiform as with those of cretan hyierogliphic  and Linear A.               Cereal and goat icons. There is also an absolute unclear sign , possible ghost, man, gods !?                                                                                                                                                            On the second (like rectangular tablet with hole), I would figure sumerian ideograms that are almost entirely and close shape found in the Aegean syllabograms .                                                           Signs: Cereals, Gods, labriys, Gods, Taurus).

 picture from https://www.descopera.org/tablitele-de-la-tartaria/

On the third (round tablet) I would figure the pure phonetic writing (but not necessarily alphabetic!).Those signs have corespondence in sounds . As summerian ideograms , Aegeene syllabograms, and even  to Greek and Anatolian letter wich has every of them coresponding phonemes/sounds.

Examples:

On the pictographic tablet:                                                                                                                  the grain/cereal Sumerian icon, similar to the Cretan sign for cereals. And then the common icon for the goat.

On rectangular tablet with hole, 3 examples:                                                                                  1. The sumerian sign “Se” <> the linear A sign  “Te“, cereal, grain.                                                2. Then the sign ‘Animal head with long ears’:                                                                                 the “AMAR” sumerian /calf and Cretan Hierogliphic /linear A “Mu”/Bull , linear B “Ma“/sign of Mother Goddess.                                                                                                                         3. And the sign of the Orion constellation, the “Zag“/ the shine of metal, linear “Labrys” sign of the linear A divine power.

-On the round plate, only 2 examples:                                                                                                 1. The H-sign with 3 bars is the sumerian “Ku“, linear A “Pa3″,canaanit “Heth” and archaic Greek  “Heta/Eta“, old Latin “H“.
2. Sign (as with # but only with 1 vertical bar):sumerian “Pa” and linear A “Pa” (later “Z” in many writings)

I don’t know why, also on the round plate, the right-bottom quarter, two complex ideograms appear, Picture from http://aplaceofbrightness.blogspot.com/2008/11/moonlight-in-romania-tartaria-tablets_21.html

e.g. one (on the right) is like the temple of solar gods Shamash/ 

Proto-cuneiform sign UD.UNUG:”sun -inner temple”

Image result for borger ud.unug proto-cuneiform

the sign of the punic Goddess Tanit, astral Goddess as Ishtar=the sign of the minoan astral Goddess Asasara.

From https://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-africa/baal-hammon-and-tanit-0012136                                                                                                                       Symbol of Tanit, the consort to the king of the Punic pantheon. (mrholle / CC BY-SA 2.0) Punic Goddess Tanit

WHEN THE TOPIC IS THE DEVELOPEMENT OF WRITING, WIKIPEDIA COMES ALSO (as TT scribe have done and I also would do) WITH 3 MAIN STAGES:                                                                                                                       Din https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_writing

A conventional “proto-writing to true writing” system follows a general series of developmental stages:

  • Picture writing system: glyphs (simplified pictures) directly represent objects and concepts. In connection with this, the following substages may be distinguished:
    • Mnemonic: glyphs primarily as a reminder;
    • Pictographic: glyphs directly represent an object or a concept
    • Ideographic: graphemes are abstract symbols that directly represent an idea or concept.
  • Transitional system: graphemes refer not only to the object or idea that it represents but to its name as well.
  • Phonetic system: graphemes refer to sounds or spoken symbols, and the form of the grapheme is not related to its meanings.                                                                         ———————————————————-

24. What was aiming at, or real purpose of the tablets ?

If, after a sustained and tenacious effort, I managed, succeed to have in my little finger or mind, (… where you want), thousands of signs grouped into different writing systems; (not discuss my ability or expertise compared with others, though I want such a challenge). If I could make a collection of signs in this way, that is grouped on the main types of writing folowing the course of time, with all the possibilities of 20th century documentaries at my disposal, probably the result will be close to those tablets.

Who, for God’s sake, from where and how long, does not discuss with what purpose, made a collection of ordered signs and divided into three major groups of historical evolution ? Note, signs with an extension of their use on a 2.500- years  time-span ( ~2.500-500 ECB)?

REMEMBER, SHOWING WRITING EVOLUTION NOT IMPLY THAT THE AUDIENCE PERSON WILL/TAUGHT TO WRITE

25.I put under scrutiny an important question and subject to follow; I am looking forward to your opinions with great interest.

Remember, the tablets are real an material and  not coming from somewhere from the virtual reality, and therefore do not hold as copies of others, so there are original, they were made by someone, though, and in this way original and not counterfeit, fakes. 

 Although they have taken note of the similarities between the signs on the TT and those in the sumerian, they have limited themselves to referring quickly and perhaps somewhat superficial only to a few aspects.                                                                             

What completely escaped my understanding is that none of them noticed and did not refer to the fact that the somewhat grouped signs, as if somebody divided them into three categories of historical evolution ??.

For example, a researcher with dozens of publications and books, who has literally exhausted attacking the topic TT from the perspective of all interdisciplinary branches (archeology, history, culture, seminary, etc.) starting from the Neolithic, (if not near the mesolithic) these essential aspects escaped him. Namely the similarities with the Levantine, Aegean, Anatolian and Mediterranean civilizations writings, and maybe worse, not noticed this kind of display of seemingly arranged signs in historical, in temporal evolution, and I am referring here to Mr Marco Merlini                                                                                                                            Image result for tartaria tablets                                                                  Mr. Marco Merlini, from http://www.prehistory.it                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             (and mentioning his master, Prof. Gheorghe Lazarovici)

26. Possible explanation  ?

This spark-idea is mine, but not a recent-one, and could explain TT purpose and who wrote and/or used them . As to be brought at an unknown time and unknown religion by kind of missionary. The round tablet could have written on upper half,                                                                                                                                                                                               Pics from http://aplaceofbrightness.blogspot.com/2008/11/moonlight-in-romania-tartaria-tablets_21.html

an ritualic formula, as out of the signs HP Di b o c , some could be:

greek : HEROS DIVOS = LORD GOD

latin:   HeRus  DeiVOS =    -“-      -“-

Note.                                                                                                                                                         “If” word God  is written, then like kind of Tetragrammaton m not to be pronounced, hidden like the name of YHWEH.(also have here 4 letters !)                                                   Was natural to be hidden from the view of passers-by, especially at the begining of christianism when followers were chased, ??

or a religious christian-like one ( “Our Father” pray: give us our daily bread

greek: HeDe/EDE !  DiDOS/DIDOU ! :Allready,this here,now/GIVE EAT !

latin:  ED/EDE   DeDou(i)=/DeDUI    : Kid-goat/EAT     GIVE!

From ETRUSCANS, VENETI and SLOVENIANS: A Genetic … http://www.korenine.si › zborniki › zbornik05 › belchevsky_rea                                                                                                           The barbarians were the ancient Europeans, non-Greeks, whose speech was not understood by the Greeks. ….. divos > dibos > qibos > qeios > qeos.

From https://www.etymonline.com › word
deva | Origin and meaning of deva by Online Etymology Dictionary
… cognate with Greek dios “divine” and Zeus, and Latin deus “god” (Old Latin deivos), from PIE root *dyeu- “to shine,” in derivatives “sky,

From https://linearbknossosmycenae.com/tag/ionic-greek/  by Richard Vallance Janke

didomi-linear-b-archaic-new-testament

(in pictographic tablet we have an kid-goat and something totally unclear, as a human silhuette with hands forward as giving)

…. or you will wonder what other possible formula.                                                                   The presence of the other signs on TT, which apparently do not contain writing, explain it to me by the intention of creating a framework, appearance, but also the feeling and atmosphere of continuity and the transmission of knowledge and religious concepts of a eternal nature, originating in the very distant past.                                                                 The fact that all the signs on TT were used in a place, time or another for writing, raises my suspicions to me. As if that person had access to sources such as the library from Alexandria or the Vatican?.In fact, I shouldn’t be so much, as the priests really had access to such sources and were among the main propagators of culture in general.

IN THE WORK OF FINDING A PLACE, REAL &TRUE IDENTITY FOR TT, WE ALL FOUND SO MANY UNCOMMON, EVEN WEIRD & PUZZLING CHARACTERISTICS THAT THE TOPIC TEND TO MOOVE STEP BY STEP, FROM WRITING & SCIENCE FIELD TO OBJECTS FOUND ON EARTH FALLEN FROM OUTER SPACE.

A twist of fate: turkic language family Urheimat (birthplace) is close to Taș Tepeler !?

January 2, 2022

From The Urheimat of the Nostratic Languages http://alterling.ucoz.de/index/the_urheimat_of_the_nostratic_languages/0-22

Earlier, using the graphical-analytical method, we found the Turkic Urheimat in the South Caucasus (see The Nostratic languages. ) and then localized the habitats of Turkic tribes speaking particular dialects, originated from the common parent Turkic language, in East Europe (see The uprising of the Turkic Languages) .
content://com.android.chrome.FileProvider/images/screenshot/16411219832048302626540330989691.jpg

South Caucasus is the same area of Circassian/Adyghe megaliths also of God aTha cross: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Adyghe_Xabze https://aratta.wordpress.com/2013/10/16/adyghe-circassian-habze/amp

From The Relationship of the Altaic and Turkic languages. http://alterling.ucoz.de/index/the_relationship_of_the_altaic_and_turkic_languages/0-19 << Earlier, using the graphical-analytical method, we found the Turkic Urheimat in the South Caucasus (see The Nostratic languages. ) and then localized the habitats of Turkic tribes speaking particular dialects, originated from the common parent Turkic language, in East Europe (see The uprising of the Turkic Languages) . Only to the end of the 3rd mill BC the most part of Turkic tribes crossed the Don and dispersed in the Volga river basin, the Northern Caucasus, and further in the steppes of Kazakhstan. In such way they arrived to Altai. Such assertion contradicts Altaic theory of the origin Turkic languages based upon the fact of common features between the Turkic and Mongolic languages. But these common features can have other explanation as genetic relationship. >>

For the place of origin of Altaic and Turkic languages, further searching must be made; from the above paper: “The Proto-Turkic language quite well fit to the general model of relationship of the Altaic languages what can say about their common genetic origin. For the final clarification of the issue, it is needed to find the territory of arising of the Altaic languages. As the graph has only five knots, it can be placed on different places in Europe or Asia. To facilitate the search for the exact location, we have to construct the separate models of relationship of the Mongolic and Manchu-Tungus languages, which number is enough for the confident placing them on assumed places of Ethno-generating areas . Having received such survey, it will be easier to establish the place of formation of the other Altaic languages”

Another relation of altaic family with the folowing people on the area, sumerians:

https://www.researchgate.net › 2721…Yet Another Suggestion about the Origins of the Sumerian Language Evangelos Papakitsos Ioannis Kenanidis《Sumerian as an ancient r-Altaic language.

Close or on the same area followed sumerians: From https://dokument.pub/gbekli-tepe-genesis-of-the-gods-the-temple-of-the-watchers-and-the-discovery-of-eden-by-andrew-collins-graham-hancoc-flipbook-pdf.html https://dokument.pub>gbdkl…PDFgobegli_tepe-genesis_of_the_gods-DOKUMENT.PUB ABODE OF THE GODS 《The mythologies of these great civilizations speak clearly of wisdom bringers and creator gods responsible for the formation of the earliest towns, cities, canals, walled enclosures, and irrigation channels—and even of humankind. Named as the Anunnaki, these anthropomorphic, or humanlike, gods are said to have emerged from a primeval mound called Duku, situated on a cosmic mountain named Kharsag, beneath which was the world of mortal human beings. Klaus Schmidt believes that Göbekli Tepe had a direct impact on the myths and legends regarding the Anunnaki, and that the site could be the role model for the original Duku mound. Indeed, he goes further, as Andrew points out in this book, by hinting at a connection between Göbekli Tepe and biblical traditions concerning the Garden of Eden, and perhaps even the very human angels of Hebrew mythological tradition known as the Watchers. CULT OF THE VULTURE A deep look at the description of the Watchers and their offspring, the Nephilim, in ancient Jewish texts such as the book of Enoch makes it clear that these mythical creatures were not incorporeal angels, but flesh and blood human beings with very distinct shamanistic qualities. They are occasionally said to wear dark, iridescent cloaks, or feather coats, and on occasion they take flight like birds, echoing the presence among the earliest proto-Neolithic communities of the Near East of a cult of death and rebirth focused on scavenger birds such as the vulture. As Andrew points out, at Göbekli Tepe, as well as at the nine-thousandyear-old Neolithic city of Çatal Höyük in southern-central Turkey, there are abstract representations of vultures with articulated legs. Either they are shamans 》

http://alterling2.narod.ru › E…DOCPrimary Settling of Europe and Caucasus Valentyn Stetsyuk, Lviv; Ukraine http://alterling.ucoz.de/index/primary_settling_of_europe_and_caucasus/0-6

From https://emekurnet.wordpress.com/

” the Fertile Crescent was a linguistic mosaic with higher population densities than its surroundings and a long history of ancient cultural innovations, including agriculture. Languages expanded from it, not into it. It is pointless to look for the origins of Indo-European in the first farmers of Anatolia, who spoke Hattic before the Hittites arrived. Neither could the Neolithic peoples of the Levant have spoken Afro-Asiatic, the only Eurasian branch of which (Semitic) having reached the area in relatively recent times. We will never know the language of PPNA, and there might have been many. Perhaps the dwellers of Çatal Höyuk and worshippers at  Göbekli Tepe spoke an ancestor of Hattic, or perhaps it was yet another language that contributed to the huge diversity of this ancient cultural mosaic.” https://images.app.goo.gl/uviPnB2J8JZj5mFT9

The conception of the world and the sky for the inhabitants of Tas Tepeler.

December 29, 2021

Yes, it is the whole area with ritual enclosures and stone temples with T-pillars, called “stone hills” = “Tas Tepeler”;

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is Captdxfdgfgjhkjlkure-1.jpg
https://i2.wp.com/damienmarieathope.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Captdxfdgfgjhkjlkure-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C673&ssl=1

It is not inappropriate to say “inhabitants” because although it is not known how stable the dwelling was, it is known that they frequented this area. My humble premises, assumptions, opinions, hypotheses and observations would be: – Many hypotheses have been launched regarding the connection of the population and cult sites with the sky and the stars, in my opinion possibly exaggerated, inducing the idea of ​​a population with intense concerns and good training in the area. astronomy, and resulting less than for hunting. – The sky did not look the same for non-Western European populations. (see for example the ancient Chinese cosmological concept) If the origin of the Indo-Europeans was in Anatolia then we can assume precursors, beginnings and concepts in the same direction. – the stage of spiritual-religious development was the animist-totemist-shamanist one. Among the shaman populations, the axis of the world and the North Star were of the greatest importance. Because they were related to the afterlife but also to the spiritual journeys of the shamans. Then the correspondent of the polar star on the earth was the intersection of the polar axis with the earth, the “navel of the earth”. At 9,600 B.C. the north celestial pole was near the constellation Hercules (the star EtaHerculis) – the existence of an Axis Mundis does not depend on the existence of a bright star in that place in the sky – Of course the existence of asterisms / surrounding constellations was noticed and inscribed – I do not fight the claims that on the pillars there are stars and constellations (like some maps) – the T-shape which is the symbol of the complex Sumerian concept “Me” which at its turn had a total involvement in the physical and spiritual life of the Sumerians. This symbol and conception is definitely rooted in Tas Tepeler. – This symbol and concept Me, for the Sumerians: “divine, vital force, life spirit” was closely related to the activities carried out by the Sumerians and the inhabitants of Tas Tepeler in their holidays and festivals. – if ancestor worship was very much like worship of heroes, then why not a proto-hero-ancestor in pre-pottery neolithic. Similar to Ghilgames, as later was represented by Hercules Constellation >> – considering the period of time in which it existed, the Tas Tepeler hunter-gatherers society were  one of the highest organizational knowledge and technological level  achieved by humankind.                                                                                                        ===== D O C U M E N T I N G ======

https://www.uh.edu › ~cldue › hero… Hero Cults <<The worship of heroes was very much like ancestor worship>> GÖBEKLI TEPE’S PILLAR 43: AN ASTRONOMICAL INTERPRETATION Andrew Collins and Rodney Hale http://www.andrewcollins.com/page/news/P43.htm <<During the epoch of 9600 BCE the northern celestial pole was located in the constellation of Hercules, although no bright star was close enough to act as pole star.

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is P43.%20fig.%203.%20schematic%20overlay.jpg
Figure 3. Schematic overlay of key features of Pillar 43 overlaid on a snapshot of the sky taken from the Stellarium sky program for the latitude of 
Göbekli Tepe for a date of 9600 BCE, its approximate date of manufacture based on radiocarbon dating evidence.
Schematic overlay of key features of Pillar 43 overlaid on a snapshot of the sky taken from the Stellarium sky program for the latitude of 
Göbekli Tepe for a date of 9600 BCE, its approximate date of manufacture based on radiocarbon dating evidence.

Hole in the Sky Identifying the ball as the turning point of the northern night sky makes sense of its role as the disembodied head and soul of the headless figure seen at the bottom of Pillar 43. In the shamanic-based beliefs and practices of tribal cultures in Siberia, such as the Chukchee and Altaians, the northern celestial pole is seen as a hole through which the soul passes to gain entry to the afterlife. Indeed, this “hole in the sky” was compared with the round smoke hole of a yurt or tent, through which the soul of the shaman, and presumably those who have died inside the yurt, navigate to reach the Upper World (Eliade, 1987: 17, 19, 30). Indeed, in shamanic tradition all three worlds – the Below World, Middle World and Upper World – are linked via similar such holes.>> I found a work that refers to Chinese civilization, although it refers to a later period than the pre-ceramic Neolithic. I think it is a very good source of inspiration: The Ancient Eurasian World and the Celestial Pivot In and Outside the Square:The Sky and the Power of Belief in Ancient China and the World, c. 4500 BC – AD 200 by John C. Didier http://sino-platonic.org/complete/spp192_vol1.pdf <<Chapter 2: The Power of the Celestial Pole in the Ancient World Sources recording early celestial observations undertaken in many world civilizations
support the proposition that for ancient peoples the sky, and particularly the celestial pole and its
circumpolar stars, constituted the point of center and/or origin of things, and also the ultimate
guide and source of solace for humans when they were astray, alone, or otherwise insecure in the
world. Essentially, people looked to the sky to establish their own context and thus gain a sense
of security.Part of such security seems to have been achieved when ancient observers across many
civilizations imposed their wish for escape from the natural earthly cycles of life and death, that
is, for immortality, on the one natural phenomenon that never rested, and thus never died, the
northern celestial pole. Such an immortality often involved the apotheosizing of human leaders
on earth such that they came to form part of a given civilization’s godhead. In other cases the
celestial polar godhead, while anthropomorphized, did not as far as we understand embrace the
spirits of deceased ancestral kings. In both cases, however, the northern celestial pole seems to
have served as either the font or seat of the perceived and projected universal high power. …… In the literature treating the history of the ancient development of astronomical science it is often
pondered whether the human impulse to observe, mark, and thus understand the formulaic
shifting of the celestial canopy originated in a need for either calendrical and navigational or
psycho-spiritual guidance. That is, we wonder, which came first, a celestially based calendar or a
celestially oriented projection of protective and guiding deities? …..As we have seen, such Lithic constellations would have marked the seasons and years,
but they might also have been simply practical measures to enhance identification of the
particular heliacally rising star that was significant to the observers. …. earlier people with even fewer clues to the workings of the universe that surrounded them also would have projected onto the stars a causal, effective influence over themselves and their earthly environs. As mentioned in the first pages of this book, likely this originated as not only a simplistic response to patterns observed in the environment but also a root psychological impulse to manage the feared unknown. In that such a process to a degree rationalized the universe, the causal relationship established psychologically between stellar phenomena and earth events lessened the extent and intensity of the unknown and thus reduced people’s fear of it. ….. p.200 Taiyi is the name of the god at the northern celestial pole. Residing in its station, it is called Taiyi. Since it constantly traverses the eight trigrams between the sun and the pole (i.e., between the solar ecliptic and the NCP, or throughout the heavens), it is called either Tianyi or Taiyi. ….p.203 In other words, “there was thus a tendency for kingdoms, capitals, temples, shrines, and
so forth, to be constructed as replicas of the cosmos. …. The Ancient Eurasian World and the Celestial Pivot In and Outside the Square:The Sky and the Power of Belief in Ancient China and the World, c. 4500 BC – AD 200 by John C. Didier http://sino-platonic.org/complete/spp192_vol1.pdf <<Chapter 2: The Power of the Celestial Pole in the Ancient World Sources recording early celestial observations undertaken in many world civilizations
support the proposition that for ancient peoples the sky, and particularly the celestial pole and its
circumpolar stars, constituted the point of center and/or origin of things, and also the ultimate
guide and source of solace for humans when they were astray, alone, or otherwise insecure in the
world. Essentially, people looked to the sky to establish their own context and thus gain a sense
of security.Part of such security seems to have been achieved when ancient observers across many
civilizations imposed their wish for escape from the natural earthly cycles of life and death, that
is, for immortality, on the one natural phenomenon that never rested, and thus never died, the
northern celestial pole. Such an immortality often involved the apotheosizing of human leaders
on earth such that they came to form part of a given civilization’s godhead. In other cases the
celestial polar godhead, while anthropomorphized, did not as far as we understand embrace the
spirits of deceased ancestral kings. In both cases, however, the northern celestial pole seems to
have served as either the font or seat of the perceived and projected universal high power. …… In the literature treating the history of the ancient development of astronomical science it is often
pondered whether the human impulse to observe, mark, and thus understand the formulaic
shifting of the celestial canopy originated in a need for either calendrical and navigational or
psycho-spiritual guidance. That is, we wonder, which came first, a celestially based calendar or a
celestially oriented projection of protective and guiding deities? …..As we have seen, such Lithic constellations would have marked the seasons and years,
but they might also have been simply practical measures to enhance identification of the
particular heliacally rising star that was significant to the observers. ….. earlier people with even fewer clues to the workings of the universe that surrounded them also would have projected onto the stars a causal, effective influence over themselves and their earthly environs. As mentioned in the first pages of this book, likely this originated as not only a simplistic response to patterns observed in the environment but also a root psychological impulse to manage the feared unknown. In that such a process to a degree rationalized the universe, the causal relationship established psychologically between stellar phenomena and earth events lessened the extent and intensity of the unknown and thus reduced people’s fear of it. ….. p.200 Taiyi is the name of the god at the northern celestial pole. Residing in its station, it is called Taiyi. Since it constantly traverses the eight trigrams between the sun and the pole (i.e., between the solar ecliptic and the NCP, or throughout the heavens), it is called either Tianyi or Taiyi. ….p.203 In other words, “there was thus a tendency for kingdoms, capitals, temples, shrines, and
so forth, to be constructed as replicas of the cosmos. …. p.204. Elsewhere Eliade even indicated in passing the object that he believed was the absolute center of
the cosmos to which the Sacred Mountain pointed and which every temple or palace recreated:
the pole star. … p.209 “The Polar Rectangle” ….. p.210 The palace of the Chinese emperor… [and] the heart of the South Indian templecity… each symbolized an axis mundi, an omphalos, about which their respective kingdoms revolved. Similarly, whereas in these cultures cardinal orientation involved the positioning of the sides of a square or rectangle so as to face the cardinal points of the compass, in ancient Mesopotamia it was normally the
corners of the enceinte which were directed in this manner. But in both instances the principle of cardinal orientation was strongly developed, the four compass directions were the reference points by which the sacred enceinte of the city was located in the continuum of profane space. >> Observations in Eddic Astronomy Niddhöggr, Yggdrassils Askr, and the Swan Song of Cyngus
by Dr. Christopher E. Johnsen
http://www.germanicmythology.com/ASTRONOMY3/Nidhoggr.html << As we know it is extremely likely that the Milky Way was seen as a road or river where the dead crossed over or traveled upon to reach the land of the dead. Cygnus is located at the northern-most reaches of the Milky Way, reflecting how migrating swans were seen to journey each spring over the earth. Worldwide in many mythologies, Cygnus was seen as the entrance and exit to the sky-world and perhaps the original location of heaven. The extreme north was where the dead went in the afterlife and they reached it by going to the Pole Star along the north-south meridian line, which splits the heavens in two along its longitudinal zenith. This cosmic axis of the Northern Hemisphere was seen as linked with the axis mundi of the terrestrial world, via a sky-pole, which has featured extensively in shamanic practices across Europe and Asia.>> The Polar Star and Human Migrations in Prehistoric Europe http://www.pienisalaliittotutkimus.com/2018/01/15/the-polar-star-and-human-migrations-in-prehistoric-europe/?fbclid=IwAR13326gRZRQvcA_phSaYCBm25mIYCjzH7tOyHf65Vz3rmXwoSqGAUk4uUk << The star constellation Hercules, which is seen up side down, can be conceptualized as a female goddess, not up side down, especially this relief:

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is woman3-193x300.png
http://www.pienisalaliittotutkimus.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/woman3-193×300.png

Comparing it to the Hercules constellation shows certain similarity, as an easy application of the common observation that in the stars you can see what you want to see. The arrows point out something that is not obvious. The right tight in the relief is bulged, which can be explained by the stars of Hercules, and the drinking horn is there, though in another position.

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is goddess.png
http://www.pienisalaliittotutkimus.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/goddess.png

Hercules was the constellation closest to the celestial North Pole until the polar star moved to Draco, so we should find two constellations, Hercules and Draco. A Gravettian statue known as Balzi Rossi Beuty and the Beast shows a woman and a snake. The figures are connected from the head and legs. Draco is close to Tau Herculis, which is a star in the woman’s head. Draco does not connect to the woman’s feet, but there is another snake shaped constellation close to the feet, Serpent’s Caput. While it may not be so obvious from the drawing, there is no mistake in identifying one figure as the woman by the breasts, navel and buttocks and the snake by the snake head and scales in the body.

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is snakewoman-300x170.png
http://www.pienisalaliittotutkimus.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/snakewoman-300×170.png

….. After Gravettian there were the Solutrean and Magdalenian cultures which were already discussed. Let us jump to the new migration around 12,000 BC.  It is the time when Vega was the polar star. >> Tau Herculis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tau_Herculis << Tau Herculis is located within 1° of the precessional path traced across the celestial sphere by the Earth’s North pole. It could have served the northern pole star around the year 7400 BCE >>

Image, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tau_Herculis
Picture, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vega

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vega << Vega was the northern pole star around 12,000 BCE >> ME’s and the Spring Festivals (Summary of Habilitation and Russian book). St.-Petersburg, Orientalia, 2009

Vladimir Emelianov

Vladimir Emelianov https://www.academia.edu/194319/MEs_and_the_Spring_Festivals_Summary_of_Habilitation_and_Russian_book_St_Petersburg_Orientalia_2009?fbclid=IwAR1NkOC0ZNcaOJLHP2LpLuwIEQbgrMO0_LcGedWIuOR25Q0to3fXtRllOZ0 <<Chapter II ME’S IN SUMERIAN SOURCES

Here we will review the basic properties or attributes of the prephilosophical categories of Ancient Near Eastern culture, and the most perspective approaches to their studying. It is impossible to study suchfundamental categories as Egyptian ,, Sumerian me,nam, Elamic kiten, Chinese dao,de, applying philosophical or logical methods. …… The МЕ category is one of the most complex and multidimensional problems in cuneiform studies. Its translation, etymology, unity of theabstract and concrete sense in one concept, the semiotic space of thecategory and its probable dynamics within the borders of Mesopotamianculture contain one big problem for Sumerology. МЕ is connected to allinstitutions of civilization in Mesopotamia – the government, the court,military activity, crafts, rituals, literacy, and also to some human actionsand character traits. The whole “shape” of the civilization depends on MEas well as the prenatural laws and principles of cosmic life. ….. Then, let’s examine J. Klein’s hypothesis about МЕ as a special object which, in the reseacher’s opinion, should be “a two-dimensional symbol or an image cut or drawn on a banner or standard and designating abstractconcept hidden in it”. ….. Chapter V GODS AS HEROES OF SUMERIAN SPRING RITUALS All Sumerian texts results in the following consecutive actions:1. Preliminary reception of МЕ’s (from the senior god, or the senior  brother, or an ancestor).2. Fight for МЕ’s with a certain villain living in the highlands.3. Victory over the villain and capture of trophies.4. Solemn delivery of the trophies into a temple of the senior god (anancestor or the entity the ME had been received from).5. The need for authority and reception of signs of power.

The Pathos of the divine existence in Mesopotamiahttps://novaresearch.unl.pt › files › The_Pathos_o…PDF by IG de Almeida — 4 <<According to Emelianov (2007, 1109-1110), melammu finds its roots in a Sumerian composite name, me– lam, where me stands for vital force, and lam for fire >>

Why T-shaped pillars ?

December 27, 2021

Obviously, I am referring to the pillars in the religious sites of Eastern Turkey, Sanliurfa area / near the Harran plain (Tas Tepeler).

Göbekli Tepe 12,000 years old T-shaped Pillars are not Alone (not Ancient  Aliens) | Damien Marie AtHope | Ancient aliens, Göbekli tepe,  Archaeological discoveries
https://i.pinimg.com/564x/d3/ec/33/d3ec33e828d009029ef92e386481cd65.jpg

The naturalistic representations of the photographic type, of the things that surround us are very familiar to us and do not require any effort of understanding. Whether it’s the image of the mother, a tree or whatever. But when it comes to representing abstract notions, then things are not as simple. Because ideally the image should be both suggestive and represent that concept as synthetically as possible. The difficulty becomes obvious and only if we go back to the example we had before, mother. I don’t think that when the Sumerians needed a sign to represent the divine powers then, they immediately imagined one. I think they had a choice, from the infinity of pre-existing signs in nature. I noticed that the Sumerian pictographic signs (ie proto-cuneiform) do not always faithfully reflect the shape of the described object. Then maybe the Sumerians took the sign from previous civilizations or maybe not. But surely the hunter-gatherers also faced a similar dilemma: what sign to use to express a sense of admiration, piety, and deification? We will never know if the choice of sign was partially random or long thought out. We are now approaching the bull’s skull and the human figure. Somehow an irony of fate, of the headless human figure! Of course, the human figure and the bull inspire strength and power, but I think there are many other symbols that could just as well suggest strength and power. But let’s not forget that we interpret from the perspective of modern man who has a completely different vision the world. The beginnings of religion in the world as well as the population of pre-ceramic Neolithic culture (PPN / pre-pottery neolithic) did not begin with the deification of anthropomorphic entities. As I argue, the first T-shaped monuments may have represented the spirit of life. Possibly with the ancestors. The Russian scientist Emelianov claims that the original meaning of the Sumerian notion “Me”, which has the shape of your letter, was “the will to live”. You are probably wondering what the connection may be between two civilizations 5,000 years apart. I was also surprised to notice some connections. It is possible that there is a kind of continuity in space and time of some local inhabitants. Fortunately, there are other researchers who have noted such similarities: From the Treasures of Syria – NINO Leiden https: //www.nino-leiden.nl ›publication› from-the-tre … << they were practical, modest, and devoid of anthropocentric pride enough not to find and rely on deities like them. The evolution starting from the deification of some spirit entities can be observed in that of the appearance of the pillars from layer III from Gobekli Tepe, then moving to the T-pillars from Adiyaman / Kilisik. >>

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is image-6.jpeg
https://www.dainst.blog/the-tepe-telegrams/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2019/03/Kilisik-2-676×478.jpg

and ending with the man from Urfa. Although I would have liked to find traces and the last springs of the T sign in the pre-ceramic phase or before, I did not find it. I found something on the territory of Armenia, but the signs do not seem to be old enough (ie before 9,600 BCE) and their interpretation deviates from that of the Sumerian experts. https://www.academia.edu ›The_La … Web Results (PDF) The Land of the Celestial Gates | Hamlet Martirosyan … In future writings we will try to show that it is necessary to use the “passage, fissure, aperture, door, gate, way” meaning of the ME cuneiform. This https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adyghe_Xabze

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is 150px-Klassenzeichen_Tempest.PNG
The Adyghe “hammer cross” representing Xabze

See also the indigenous religions of the indigenous peoples of the Caucasus: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Caucasian_neopaganism << An important element is the belief in the souls of the ancestors, who have the ability to observe and evaluate the affairs of their descendants. The concept of physical pain or pleasure in (the life of) then is absent …. >> I did not find T signs older than those of Gobekli Tepe in art and cave signs or those of the Stone Age. And even if I found it, it would be rather impossible to extract any clear meaning from them. My opinion is that the sign being in the category of crosses is related to the impact, the intersection and the crossing, the crossing. It may represent the connection of earthlings with heaven and divinity, since the T sign in ancient Chinese writing represents the notion of DOWN. Somehow it is naturalistic, because the sky was imagined by the ancients as a sphere that surrounds the Earth, so somewhat tangible. is represented by the top of the T.

kids chinese | Magikid - Apps for Kids. Discover the Magikid in every kid.
https://magikidapp.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screen-chinese_characters.png

Two adjacent T’s: “H” Universe ?? If the meaning of the sign T = Me has become so rich and complex, I think it has an old origin in a simpler society and over time, as it has developed and has gained new and new meanings. The society and population of the Sanliurfa area from IEN 9,600 was at least as advanced and complex for its time as the subsequent society that followed it after thousands of years, the Sumerian one!

Conceptia lumii si cerului pentru locuitorilor de la Tas Tepeler.

December 20, 2021

Da, este vorba de intreaga zona cu incinte ritualice si temple din piatra cu piloni in T, numita “dealurile de piatra’ = “Tas Tepeler”;

https://i2.wp.com/damienmarieathope.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Captdxfdgfgjhkjlkure-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C673&ssl=1

Nu este impropriu spus “locuitori” pentru ca desi nu se stie cat de stabila era locuirea, se stie ca frecventau aceasta zona. Umilele mele premize, supozitii, pareri, ipoteze si observatii ar fi: – Au fost lansate multe ipoteze privind legatura populatiei si a siturilor cultice cu cerul si astrele, dupa mine posibil exagerat, inducand ideea unei populatii cu intense preocupari si o buna pregatire in zona astronomiei, si rezultand mai putin decat pentru vanatoare. – Cerul nu a aratat la fel pentru populatiile care nu au fost Vest Europene. (a se vedea spre exemplu concetia cosmologica antica chinezeasca) Daca originea Indo-Europenilor a fost in Anatolia atunci putem presupune precursori, inceputuri si conceptii in aceeasi in aceasta directie. – stadiul de dezvoltare spiritual-religioasa era acela animist-totemist-samanist. La populatiile cu samani, axul lumii si steaua polara aveau cea mai mare importanta. Pentru ca erau legate de viata de apoi dar si de calatoriile spirituale ale samanilor. Apoi corespondentul stelei polare pe pamant era intersectia axei polare cu pamantul, “buricul pamantului”. – La 9.600 B.C. polul nord celest, a fost in dreptul Constelatiei Hercules (steaua EtaHerculis) – existenta unui Axis Mundis nu depinde de existenta unei stele stralucitoare in acel loc pe cer – Desigur existenta asterismelor/constelatiilor inconjuratoare a fost remarcata si au fost inscriptionate – nu sustin dar nici nu combat sustinerile ca pe piloni sunt figurate stele si constelatii (in genul unor harti) – Forma T care este simbolul conceptului sumerian complex “Me” care la radul lui a avut o implicare totala in viata fizica si spirituala a sumerienilor. Acest simbol si conceptie isi are radacina categoric la Tas Tepeler. – Acest simbol si concept Me, pentru sumerieni:”divin, forta vitala,spiritul vietii” a fost strans legat de activitatile desfasurate de sumerieni si locuitorii Tas Tepeler in sarbatorile si festivalurile lor.

=== D O C U M E N T A R E ======

https://www.physicsforums.com/attachments/pfpolestar-gif.7658/

GÖBEKLI TEPE’S PILLAR 43: AN ASTRONOMICAL INTERPRETATION Andrew Collins and Rodney Hale http://www.andrewcollins.com/page/news/P43.htm Lb.Rom.: << În timpul epocii anului 9600 î.Hr., polul ceresc nordic era situat în constelația lui Hercule, deși nicio stea strălucitoare nu era suficient de aproape pentru a acționa ca stea polară. Gaura in Cer. Identificarea mingii ca punct de cotitură al cerului nopții de nord dă sens rolului său de cap și suflet neîncarnat al figurii fără cap văzută în partea de jos a stâlpului 43. În credințele și practicile bazate pe șaman ale culturilor tribale din Siberia, precum ca Chukchee și Altaieni, polul ceresc nordic este văzut ca o gaură prin care trece sufletul pentru a obține intrarea în viața de apoi. Într-adevăr, această „găură din cer” a fost comparată cu gaura rotundă de fum a unei iurte sau a unui cort, prin care sufletul șamanului și, probabil, cei care au murit în interiorul iurtei, navighează pentru a ajunge în Lumea Superioară (Eliade, 1987). : 17, 19, 30). Într-adevăr, în tradiția șamanică, toate cele trei lumi – Lumea de dedesubt, Lumea de Mijloc și Lumea de Sus – sunt legate prin astfel de găuri similare.>>

Figure 3. Suprapunerea schematică a caracteristicilor cheie ale stâlpului 43 suprapuse pe un instantaneu al cerului luat din programul de cer Stellarium pentru latitudinea de
Göbekli Tepe pentru o dată de 9600 î.Hr., data aproximativă de fabricație bazată pe dovezi de datare cu radiocarbon.

Am gasit o lucrare care se refera la civilizatia chineza cu toate ca se refera, la o perioada mai tarzie de cat neoliticul pre-ceramic. Cred ca este o foarte buna sursa de inspiratie:

The Ancient Eurasian World and the Celestial Pivot In and Outside the Square:The Sky and the Power of Belief in Ancient China and the World, c. 4500 BC – AD 200 by John C. Didier http://sino-platonic.org/complete/spp192_vol1.pdf <<Chapter 2: The Power of the Celestial Pole in the Ancient World l Lb.Rom.: << Surse care înregistrează observațiile cerești timpurii efectuate în multe civilizații ale lumii
susțin propunerea că, pentru popoarele antice, cerul și, în special, polul ceresc și a acestuia
stelele circumpolare, au constituit punctul de centru și/sau originea lucrurilor
și, de asemenea, ultimul
ghid și sursă de alinare pentru oameni atunci când erau rătăciți, singuri sau nesiguri în alt mod în
lume. În esență, oamenii s-au uitat la cer pentru a-și stabili propriul context și, astfel, să capete sens
de securitate.O parte din această securitate pare să fi fost atinsă atunci când observatorii antici din mulți civilizațiile și-au impus dorința de evadare din ciclurile naturale pământești ale vieții și morții, pentru nemurire, pe singurul fenomen natural care nu s-a odihnit niciodată și, prin urmare, nu a murit niciodată, polul ceresc nordic. …. În literatura care tratează istoria dezvoltării antice a științei astronomice adesea s-a gândit dacă impulsul uman de a observa, de a marca și, astfel, de a înțelege formula deplasarii baldachinului ceresc a provenit dintr-o nevoie fie de calendaristică și de navigație sau dintr-una de îndrumare psiho-spirituală. Adică, ne întrebăm, care a fost primul, un calendar bazat pe cel ceresc sau o proiecție orientată spre cer a zeităților protectoare și călăuzitoare? …..După cum am văzut, astfel de constelații litice ar fi marcat anotimpurile și anii, dar ar fi putut fi, de asemenea, pur și simplu măsuri practice pentru a îmbunătăți identificarea unei stele speciale în creștere heliacala care a fost semnificativă pentru observatori. ….. oamenii de demult, cu și mai puține indicii despre funcționarea universului care îi înconjura, de asemenea, ar fi proiectat asupra stelelor un efect cauzal, eficient influența asupra lor înșiși și asupra mediului lor pământesc. După cum se menționează în primele pagini ale acestui articol din carte, probabil că aceasta a apărut nu doar ca un răspuns simplist la tiparele observate în mediu dar și un impuls psihologic bazal de a gestiona necunoscutul temut. În că astfel de proces într-o măsură a raționalizat universul, relația cauzală stabilită psihologic între fenomenele stelare și evenimentele pământești au diminuat amploarea și intensitatea necunoscutului și astfel a redus teama oamenilor de asta.

….. p.200 Taiyi este numele zeului de la polul ceresc nordic. Locuind în stația sa, se numește Taiyi. Deoarece traversează în mod constant cele opt trigrame dintre soare și pol (adică între ecliptica solară și NCP, sau prin ceruri), se numește fie Tianyi, fie Taiyi. ….p.203 Cu alte cuvinte, „a existat astfel o tendință pentru regate, capitale, temple, altare și
așa mai departe, să fie construite ca replici ale cosmosului. …. str.204. În altă parte, Eliade chiar a indicat în treacăt obiectul despre care credea că este centrul absolut al
cosmosul spre care îndrepta Muntele Sacru și pe care fiecare templu sau palat l-a recreat:
steaua polară.… p.209 „Dreptunghiul polar” ….. p.210 Palatul împăratului chinez… [și] inima orașului templu din India de Sud… fiecare simbolizează un axis mundi, un omphalos, în jurul căruia se învârteau regatele lor respective. În mod similar, în timp ce în aceste culturi orientarea cardinală presupunea poziționarea laturilor unui pătrat sau dreptunghi astfel încât să fie în fața punctelor cardinale ale busolei, în Mesopotamia antică era în mod normal
colţuri ale enceintei care erau îndreptate în acest fel. Dar în ambele cazuri principiul orientării cardinale a fost puternic dezvoltat, cele patru direcții ale busolei au fost punctele de referință prin care enceinte sacru a orașului a fost situat în continuum-ul spațiului profan. >>

Din Observations in Eddic Astronomy Niddhöggr, Yggdrassils Askr, and the Swan Song of Cyngus
by Dr. Christopher E. Johnsen
http://www.germanicmythology.com/ASTRONOMY3/Nidhoggr.html Lb.Rom. <<După cum știm, este extrem de probabil ca Calea Lactee să fi fost văzută ca un drum sau un râu pe care morții au traversat sau au călătorit pentru a ajunge în țara morților. Cygnus este situat în partea cea mai nordică a Căii Lactee, reflectând modul în care lebedele migratoare au fost văzute călătorind în fiecare primăvară peste pământ. La nivel mondial, în multe mitologii, Cygnus a fost văzut ca intrarea și ieșirea în lumea cerului și poate locația originală a raiului. Nordul extrem a fost locul unde morții au mers în viața de apoi și au ajuns la el mergând la Steaua Polară de-a lungul liniei meridiane nord-sud, care împarte cerurile în două de-a lungul zenitului său longitudinal. Această axă cosmică a emisferei nordice a fost văzută ca fiind legată de axis mundi a lumii terestre, printr-un stalp ceresc, care a apărut pe scară largă în practicile șamanice din Europa și Asia.

The Polar Star and Human Migrations in Prehistoric Europe http://www.pienisalaliittotutkimus.com/2018/01/15/the-polar-star-and-human-migrations-in-prehistoric-europe/?fbclid=IwAR13326gRZRQvcA_phSaYCBm25mIYCjzH7tOyHf65Vz3rmXwoSqGAUk4uUk << <<Constelația de stele Hercule, care este văzută cu susul în jos, poate fi conceptualizată ca o zeiță feminină, nu cu susul în jos, în special acest relief: Constelația de stele Hercule, care este văzută cu susul în jos, poate fi conceptualizată ca o zeiță feminină, nu cu susul în jos, în special acest relief:

http://www.pienisalaliittotutkimus.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/woman3-193×300.png

Compararea acesteia cu constelația Hercule arată o anumită similitudine, ca o aplicare ușoară a observației comune că în stele poți vedea ceea ce vrei să vezi. Săgețile indică ceva care nu este evident. Strecul drept din relief este bombat, ceea ce poate fi explicat prin stelele lui Hercule, iar cornul de băut este acolo, deși într-o altă poziție.

http://www.pienisalaliittotutkimus.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/goddess.png

Hercule a fost constelația cea mai apropiată de Polul Nord ceresc până când steaua polară s-a mutat la Draco, așa că ar trebui să găsim două constelații, Hercule și Draco. O statuie gravettiană cunoscută sub numele de Balzi Rossi Beuty and the Beast arată o femeie și un șarpe. Figurile sunt conectate de la cap și picioare. Draco este aproape de Tau Herculis, care este o stea în capul femeii. Draco nu se conectează la picioarele femeii, dar există o altă constelație în formă de șarpe aproape de picioare, Caput al șarpelui. Deși s-ar putea să nu fie atât de evident din desen, nu există nicio greșeală în identificarea unei figuri ca fiind femeia după sâni, buric și fese și șarpele de capul și solzii de șarpe în corp.

http://www.pienisalaliittotutkimus.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/snakewoman-300×170.png

….. După Gravettian au existat culturile solutreană și magdaleniană despre care s-a discutat deja. Să trecem la noua migrație în jurul anului 12.000 î.Hr. Este timpul când Vega era steaua polară. >> Tau Herculis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tau_Herculis << Tau Herculis este situat la 1° de calea precesională trasată peste sfera cerească de polul nord al Pământului. Ar fi putut deservi steaua polului nordic în jurul anului 7400 î.Hr. >>

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tau_Herculis

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vega << Vega a fost steaua polară nordică în jurul anului 12.000 î.Hr >>

Another sumerian Aegean sign pair: sum.GALAegean A

December 18, 2021

sign Gal

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is GAL~b.jpg

From Ninazu (god) http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/amgg/listofdeities/ninazu/index.html?fbclid=IwAR0jKu5gUOqQcz7aPaKdXrXZinwqd5nHcE6dLM9_jlZD00uWHu8LKp2lPq4

From Sumerian Lexicon https://www.sumerian.org › sumerian

PDFby JA Halloran · Cited by 115 — Sumerian Lexicon, Version 3.0. 31 adj., big, large; mighty; great (chamber + abundant, numerous) [GAL archaic frequency: 1004  An example of such chart for sign AB 08 (phonetic value /a/) is displayed in fig. 2 

The trident-brandishing deity standing on the back of a lion with a snake’s tail on this Early Dynastic seal may be Ninazu. (British Museum ME 1933,0408.1). © The British Museum. View the British Museum’s catalogue information on this object.

From SigLA The Signs of Linear A: a palæographical database Ester Salgarella Simon Castellan https://sigla.phis.me/paper.html  “An example of such chart for sign AB 08 (phonetic value /a/) is displayed in fig. 2 “

fig.2 https://sigla.phis.me/images/chart.png

THIS IS THE POSEID TRIDENT. IF TRIDENT, DOUBLE-HEADED AXE WAS A SIGN OF POWER AS AGYPTIAN MACE. THAT’S WHY THE DOUBLE AXE SIGN WAS FOUND IN CAVE WHERE RITUALS WERE PERFORMED BECAUSE WAS THE SIGN OF ALLMIGHTY !

Poseidon with his trident, Corinthian plaque, 550–525 BC https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Poseidon_Penteskouphia_Louvre_CA452.jpg/220px-Poseidon_Penteskouphia_Louvre_CA452.jpg

But the oldest trident symbol is at Gobekli Tepe :

Gobekli Tepe’s Pillars – Prehistory Decodedhttps://martinsweatman.blogspot.com › 2020/10 › gobe…Oct 6, 2020 — Significance: Gobekli Tepe (GT) probably represents the origin of … this stone plaquette tells the story of the comet god (trident symbol) ..

https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-rzeQ1BC0llA/X3xKfifj7yI/AAAAAAAABAU/vXsV8fBqHqgNA1-Oxl9bLNKJm6De8PoYQCLcBGAsYHQ/s1567/cartouche.jpg

Who built Göbekli Tepe?18. MAY 2016 / OLIVER DIETRICH https://www.dainst.blog/the-tepe-telegrams/2016/05/18/who-built-gobekli-tepe/

Göbekli Tepe 2002
Plaquette with depiction of a snake, a human (?) and a bird (Photo Irmgard Wagner, Copyright DAI). https://www.dainst.blog/the-tepe-telegrams/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2016/05/53-irmgard-wagner-gt02_0001_00017-1536×1197.jpg

Most striking in this regard is a small plaquette from Göbekli Tepe. From the left to the right, it shows a snake moving upwards, a stylized human figure (?) with raised arms, and a bird. What makes this small find so interesting, is that the combination of depictions reappears not only in similar (e.g. in Jerf el Ahmar with a fox in place of the human-shape?), but also in completely and nearly identical form twice on another site, Tell Abr´3 in northern Syria (Köksal-Schmidt & Schmidt 2007; Yartah 2013, with images  [external link]). Vie quotidienne, vie communautaire et symbolique a Tell ‘Abr 3 – Syrie du nord par YARTAH ThaÉr – 2013 – Université Lumière Lyon 2 http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2013/yartah_t/info

eugenrau: …. a bird !? ===================== See also Trident: Powerful Religious Symbol Found In Many Ancient Cultures Angela Sutherland https://www.ancientpages.com/2019/12/04/trident-powerful-religious-symbol-found-in-many-ancient-cultures/?fbclid=IwAR0IYTuFjG2D97oS6NzW8jIXFdcCjyMd6y0u1XF9Tgfu6d8g1aM7CdFe86I

The Hittite weather-god wielding a thunderbolt and an axe. Bas-relief at Ivriz.
https://www.ancientpages.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/teshubtrid13.jpg

Trishula – Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › TrishulaTrishula (Sanskrit: त्रिशूल, IAST: triśūla) or trishul is a trident, a divine symbol,

See also, A BRIEF OUTLINE ON THE TRIDENT (AND BATTLE-AXE) demetrios vakras http://www.daimonas.com/pages/trident-briefly.html

Simbol “capra” prezent pe tablita de la Tartaria, in Sumer si Creta

December 16, 2021

In tablita pictografica, din https://www.historia.ro/sectiune/general/articol/decriptarea-tablitei-pictografice-tartaria ( Numarul 1)………..capra, capra salbatica !?                                                                        In Sumer, din simbolul DARA3~c:

DARA3~d 3 

Din Sumerian/List – Wikibooks, open books for an open world https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Sumerian/List                                                          DARA3, 166, 100, DAR3, DARA3 “ibex”.

In Creta, capra salbatica “Cri-cri”

TARTARIA OBLONG TABLET WITH HOLE LINEAR A,B APPROACH pdf

December 15, 2021

TART. SQU HOLE linA,B  https://eugenrau.files.wordpress.com/2018/03/tart-squ-hole-linab.pdf

Symbols T,H,I close meanings in Gobekli Tepe and Mesoamerica /South-West North-America

December 5, 2021

I found two papers in wich are discussed T-glyphs/symbols and T-doors in America: America’s T-doors. Between the Sumerians, Egyptians, Mayans and ancient Japanese – deciphering the IK glyph Matthias Ifejika https://www.academia.edu/resource/work/19045742 and: Ik’ WAY: The Mayan Origin of T-Shaped Doors in the North American Southwest Mark Callis https://www.academia.edu/resource/work/44957771

Interesting enough despite the scientists are sure that T-symbol is “Iku“, also sure that is related to wind,soul,life. If there are hundred of T-doors, the authors not made any connection of the soul with the door. Nor with the afterlife. Only tangential with death. “As for Mesoamerican, all I know is that in the Maya case it may have something to do with the written representation of the word ” ik’ ” which means wind, breath, or life.”

https://www.jstor.org › stableSome Observations on T585 (Quincunx) of the Maya Script – jstor 《 Abstract .The Maya glyph IK (ik’) is found in structurally similar positions to the Maya quincunx glyph, which is known to have a phonetic value bi or be. Since ik’ is life, spirit, breath, wind in Mayan languages, it is noteworthy that bi/be means life, breath, spirit in Zapotecan languages, possible descendents of the language of Monte Alban in the Valley of Oaxaca, where the quincunx glyph is found quite early. Thus, it is conceivable that the Maya quincunx glyph with its sound value be was borrowed in both form and sound value from Zapotecans, suggesting that be is also the sound value of that glyph in the “Zapotec” script. It is further suggested that in Zapotec the quincunx was a logogram representing be life, breath, wind whose meaning carried over into at least the quincunx part of a “death” expression in the Maya inscriptions, and perhaps elsewhere in the Maya script. Additional connections of the quincunx and IK glyphs are pursued.》

In fact that doors were made and intended for exit (in the case of houses), passing the souls through them. Wikipedia/ soul hole :<<…an “entrance and exit opening for the soul of the deceased”. … the opening made in the locking stones of so many megalithic graves .” …. megalithic graves were “heavy spell housings against the demonic power of the living corpse and at the same time seats of the separated souls, for which a small opening – the so-called soul hole – was left in the stone structure, where the anima could secretly slip in and out. ” The term was used in archeology and ethnology , but is considered out of date. The German word “Seelenloch” is also used in English-language publications. >>
The shape is an abstraction of human torso because the hole must to acomodate the passing of something close to human body.Probably the spirit of the dead was amorphe, only by far ressembling the shape of human body. Very interesting, Gobekli Tepe T-pillars (upon scientists are abstract reflections of human body. As a result of my extensive study are related to sumerian proto-cuneiform sign Me:”to be,being”. Pillars were inhabiting life spirits, (as if they had souls).

I must explain that nowdays the spirit is equated with soul.I propose to consider spirit more as an essence, the abstract aspect. Soul, close to our senses and physiology, everyday life, breath. As animists consider that everything (living or objects) has its spirit but only animated,living beings has souls. I sustain that the American T-doors have the function of seelenloch=soul holes, present in many megalithic constructions throughout the World. Doors were thought as for exit, passage of the souls to the othe World. ====== From angelfire.com zThe breath of life symbol of the Maya I’K zthe T shaped symbol

“T” Shaped Window at Palenque

<< In the Mayan tradition, “I’q” is the Breath, the Air, the Spirit.The symbol of “I’q” is drawn as a T, representing a doorway into the spirit world and other dimensions. The T forms half of a cross (the World Tree) and the other half lies in the spirit world.Many of the Mayan temples have windows and doorways in the shape of a T. They are not only physical doorways but are also spiritual doorways (a portal into the spirit world).

Just as air is exchanged in the lungs, so our consciousness exchanges thoughts, ideas and experiences with the spirits by going through the zero point. Through the breath, we can gain a clearer perspective of reality, create a state of serenity and peace and journey through the corridor of our consciousness.>>

T-SHAPED DOORWAYS, BALLCOURTS, PIPETTES, AND THE WIND: Peter Faris Aurora Colorado https://rockartblog.blogspot.com/2021/08/t-shaped-doorways-ballcourts-pipettes.html?m=1

Pipette, Cochise County, Arizona. Photograph from Arizona Memory Project.

Symbols H and I are the same basic shape, one is another turned 90deg. In America’s the above author name them “ballcourts” and “pipettes”.From above paper: <<  Wright and Russell (2011)  illustrate approximately 60 pipettes from rock art sites in their paper (incidentally they also include five T-shapes, supposedly as half pipettes,  We submit that the compartmentalization of the cosmos into containers was  a conceptual metaphor of the tiered cosmos. This metaphor was embedded in the Uto-Aztecan language shared across Mesoamerica and the Greater Southwest and materialized in pipette symbolism. … In other words Wright and Russell are suggesting that the pipette symbol represents tiers of the cosmos with a passage up through them (for the entry of humans).  >> So the author, Faris connects pipettes wth cosmos. In my before posts I showed that H is a double T(sumerian Me) and could mean the connexion of below with above, or whole below and above, then Cosmos. Maybe Faris chain-pipettes are the symbol of soul passing stages=rungs, up to the sky.For the ballcourt he said: “One of the iconic features of Mesoamerican urban sites is the ballcourt. Many of these were formed in the shape of the capital letter “I”. … While these are named Ballcourts, and we certainly believe that the Mesoamerican ball games were conducted in them, they are also believed to have served a number of other functions, ritual and otherwise. ” And finaly no definite conclusion: “So is the T-shape half of an I-shaped ballcourt? Is a two-lobed pipette a I-shaped ballcourt, or two T-shapes together end to end? Is a three-lobed pipette a ballcourt and a T-shaped doorway connected? I really cannot say, although I do believe that those more conversant with Hohokam than I should take a detailed look at it ” Good enough, despite he knows that T symbol is for ik, “spirit,soul” and realised that pipettes and ballcourts shapes are connected T’s(Ik’s) at least he realise and become aware that of a relation of humans with cosmos and soul rising to sky.(“tiers of the cosmos with a passage up through them (for the entry of humans“)

Some questions remain, e.g. why a nail, hammer symbol for breath,soul ? But if we are seeing from the perspective of divine power of life the World is not longer upside-down..

Weiterhin Göbekli Tepe H und I Symbole.

November 30, 2021

The folowing pictures are from

Tepe Telegrams – From the Göbekli Tepe Research Projecthttps://www.dainst.blog › the-tepe-telegrams

Alles begann beim Lesen: https://www.ancient-origins.net › co…Kosmische Kraft des Schamanen und Symbole im Göbekli Tepe – Teil II .Özgür Baris Etli < Das H-Symbol Ray Urbaniak interpretiert das „H“-Symbol als Doppel-T-Form. Zwei zusammengefügte T-Formen bilden ein Doppel-T. Er sagt auch, dass Tau die Hälfte davon in der spirituellen Welt repräsentiert. Wir können uns also vorstellen, dass das „H“-Symbol aus zwei Tau-Symbolen besteht. Das I-Symbol Das „I“-Symbol der alten mexikanischen Mythologie zeigt nicht nur ein einzelnes Tau in zwei Formen, sondern in unterschiedlichen Positionen, sowie zwei doppelköpfige Figuren, die in einer vereint sind, was die Dualität oben und unten oder den Himmel illustriert und Erde. … …….. In der prototürkischen Kultur wurde das „I“-Symbol als „ON: Cosmos“ bezeichnet. Interessanterweise repräsentiert das „I“-Symbol in der chinesischen Kultur den Schamanen oder Geistervermittler, das sogenannte Wu. Die weit verbreitete Verwendung der umgekehrten und aufrechten Tau-Form bei den indigenen amerikanischen Völkern als Embleme des Oben und Unten ist reichlich belegt und ist zweifellos so selbstverständlich entstanden wie die chinesischen Schriftzeichen „Shang: Above“, die als Symbol für den Himmel verwendet werden, und „Lea: Unten oder Unten“, verwendet als Symbol für die Erde. Die Verbindung zwischen Himmel und Erde stellt die Erschaffung der Unschuld dar und dies wird durch die zentrale Linie widergespiegelt. … Ich kann also vermuten, dass es sich bei dem mysteriösen „Me“-Symbol um eine „Himmel (Himmel) – Erde-Verbindung: damit das Leben existieren könnte“ handelt. Im schamanischen Glauben nimmt die Erde ihre Lebenskraft über die Nabelschnur aus dem Himmel. Göbekli Tepe ist aus diesem Grund als wichtiger Standort anzusehen. (Interessanterweise bedeutet „Göbek“ auf Türkisch „Der Nabel“). Darin vereinen sich schöpferische Kräfte zur Geburt oder Wiedergeburt. Daher sind bestimmte Tage entscheidend, um Lebensenergie vom Himmel oder Himmel zu holen. Es wird angenommen, dass die Lebenskraft immer da ist, aber nicht immer sichtbar. Es wird angenommen, dass es an bestimmten Tagen des Jahres sichtbar ist.Diese Tage sind die Tagundnachtgleiche und die Sonnenwende. Andererseits kann das „H“- oder schräge „I“-Symbol für Ost-West-, Frau-Mann- oder Gott-Göttin-Verbindungen stehen.> Herr Özgür!: H-Charakter ist nicht Wu, sondern Gong-„Arbeit“ ! ========= H UND ICH SIND VARIANTEN DER GLEICHEN GRUNDFORM! Die Argumentation von Herrn Urbaniak und Özgür stimmt mit meinen Erkenntnissen überein: protosumerisches Zeichen “T”=”Me” bedeutet meiner Meinung nach protosumerisch/euphratischer “Lebensgeist”, sumerisch “göttliche Kraft, Wesen, Vorfahre”.

Sumerian Cuneiform English Dictionary 12013CThttps://ia801408.us.archive.org › items › Sumerian …PDFMay 5, 2000 — And the MUGSAR is proudly, and primarily, a Sumerian dictionary of the first … ME, Sumerian Keilschrift Englisch Wörterbuch 12013CThttps://ia801408.us.archive.org bin, sein (ist / war) | [750x] sein

H besteht aus zwei T, also könnte Meme verwandt werden mit: – “alle göttlichen Kräfte = Kosmos”, (2×Me, Plural Meme) … oder – sumerische Heilgöttin (Schamane?) Ur-Meme, Meme = Gula =========== Es wird vermutet, dass in Göbekli Tepe heidnische, schamanische Rituale praktiziert wurden. In Bezug auf H/I-Symbole enthält das chinesische Schriftzeichen für Schamanen interessanterweise ein H-Zeichen. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_(shaman) Das zeitgenössische chinesische Schriftzeichen 巫 für wu kombiniert die grafischen Radikale gong 工 „Arbeit“ und ren 人 „Person“ verdoppelt (vgl. cong 从). Dieser 巫-Charakter entwickelte sich aus Siegelschriftzeichen, die tanzende Schamanen darstellten, die von Bronzeware-Schriftzeichen und Oracle-Knochenschriftzeichen abstammen, die einem mächtigen Kreuz ähnelten.>

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is image-10.png
https://hanjatime.wordpress.com/2015/05/31/18-it-takes-work-%E5%B7%A5/am

Ihr seht, wir begegnen uns in H/I-Form, zweimal “Schamane” (1.als sumerisches Meme, Gula und 2.mit chinesischem Schriftzeichen Wu=Schamane) ! – und auch zweimal “Leben” : (1.Özgür “Lebenskraft” und 2. zweimal Me, me+me, zweimal “Lebensgeist, Sein”) Sehe Wkipedia Wu(shaman) ————— Interessant auch die Bullaugenform

ist identisch mit alten chinesischen Schriftzeichen für Sonne “ri” (und Mond “yue”)

Further, Göbekli Tepe H and I symbols.

November 29, 2021

All begun when reading: https://www.ancient-origins.net › co…Cosmic Power of the Shaman and Symbols at Göbekli Tepe – Part II < The H Symbol Ray Urbaniak interprets the “H” symbol to mean double T shapes. Two T shapes butted together form a double T. He also says that Tau represents half of which is in the spiritual world. So, we can imagine that the “H” symbol consists of two Tau symbols The I Symbol The “I” symbol of ancient Mexican mythology not only exhibits a single Tau of two forms, but in different positions, as well as two double-headed figures joined in one, which illustrates the duality, above and below, or heaven and earth. … ….. In Proto-Turkish culture the “I” symbol was called as the “ON: Cosmos”. Interestingly, In Chinese culture “I” symbol represents the shaman or spirit intermediary, so-called Wu. The widespread usage amongst indigenous American peoples of the inverted and upright Tau shape as emblems of the above and below is abundantly proven and doubtlessly arose as naturally as the Chinese characters “Shang: Above”, employed as a symbol for heaven, and “Lea: Below or Beneath”, employed as a symbol for earth. The connection between Heaven and Earth represents the creation of innocence and this is reflected by the central line. … So, I can suggest that the mysterious “I” symbol is about a “Heaven (Sky) – Earth connection: so the life could exist”. In shamanic belief, Earth takes its life force from the sky via the navel cord. Göbekli Tepe should be seen as an important site for this reason. (Interestingly, In Turkish “Göbek” means “The Navel”). In this, creative powers unite for birth or rebirth. Therefore, some specific days are vital for taking life energy from the sky or heaven. Life force is believed to be always there, but not always visible. It is believed to be visible on specific days of year. These days are the equinox and solstice days. On the other hand, the “H” or slanted “I” symbol may be about East-West, Woman-Man or God-Goddess connections.> Mr. Özgür!: H character is not Wu but Gong “work” ! ========= H AND I ARE VARIATIONS OF THE SAME BASIC SHAPE ! Mr. Urbaniak and Özgür reasonings are consistent with my findings: proto-sumerian sign “T”=”Me” in my opinion means Proto-Sumerian/Euphratic “life spirit”, sumerian “divine power, being, ancestor”.

Sumerian Cuneiform English Dictionary 12013CThttps://ia801408.us.archive.org › items › Sumerian …PDFMay 5, 2000 — And the MUGSAR is proudly, and primarily, a Sumerian dictionary of the first … ME, àm = I am, to be (is / was) | [750x] being

H is composed of two T, so Meme could be related to: – “all divine powers=cosmos” , (2×Me,plural Meme)…or – sumerian healing goddess (shaman?) Ur-Meme, Meme=Gula ===========

It is supposed that at Gobekli Tepe practiced paganist, shamanic rituals. Related to H/I symbols, interesting enough the chinese character for shaman is containing an H character. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_(shaman) The contemporary Chinese character 巫 for wu combines the graphic radicals gong 工 “work” and ren 人 “person” doubled (cf. cong 从). This 巫 character developed from Seal script characters that depicted dancing shamans, which descend from Bronzeware script and Oracle bone script characters that resembled a cross potent.>

https://hanjatime.wordpress.com/2015/05/31/18-it-takes-work-%E5%B7%A5/am

You see we are encountering in H/I shape, twice “shaman” (1.as sumerian Meme,Gula and 2.with chinese character Wu=shaman) !and also Twice “Life” : (1.Özgür “Life force” and 2. twice Me, Me+Me, twice “life spirit, being“) See Wikipedia Wu(shaman) Work Ethics and Work Valuations in a Period of Commercialization: Ming China, 1500–1644*

Published online by Cambridge University Press

“Labour” is expressed by the term lao

, which has the connotation of “toil”, “pain”, and “exhaustion”, or qin

, which implies diligent or industrious work. Both refer mainly to physical work, especially in agriculture. Another designation for work is gong

Since this character is derived from a tool-like object, probably a carpenter’s square, it is predominantly associated with craft or proto-industrial production. …..Wu: female shamans in ancient China <Ancient oracle bone inscriptions use wu most frequently in relation to spirit sacrifices and for calls to “bring the wu.”….The oldest Chinese dictionary, Shuowen Jiezi, equates wu with zhu, a ritual invocator, and with ling, “spiritual, divine.” It underlines the female signification of wu: “wu is a zhu (invoker or priest), a woman who is able to render [herself] invisible, and with dance to invoke gods to come down.. Anciently, men and spirits did not intermingle. At that time there were certain persons who were so perspicacious, single-minded, and reverential that their understanding enabled them to make meaningful collation of what lies above and below, and their insight to illumine what is distant and profound. Therefore the spirits would descend upon them. The possessors of such powers were, if men, called xi (shamans), and, if women, wu (shamanesses). It is they who supervised the positions of the spirits at the ceremonies, sacrificed to them, and otherwise handled religious matters. As a consequence, the spheres of the divine and the profane were kept distinct. The spirits sent down blessings on the people, and accepted from them their offerings. There were no natural calamities. [Bodde, 390-1] >

÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷

Also interesting, the porthole shape is identical with old chinese characters for sun “ri” (and moon “yue”)